Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 24 - Digestive System > Flashcards

Chapter 24 - Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what are other names of the digestive system

A

digestive tract
gastrointestinal tract (GI tract)
alimentary tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

organs of dig system are collectively called

A

accessory organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what are the accessory organs

A 
glands
teeth
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
appendix
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

overall functions of dig sys

A

absorption
energy
affecting temperature
exocrine function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does dig sys absorb

A 
nutrients
vitamins
minerals
water
drugs/medication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what energy is associated with dig sys

A

ATP, fats, protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

ATP via ________ is absorbed

A

carbohydrated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

how does dig sys affect temperature

A

cold/hot drinks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

mouth to anus

A

alimentary canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

route food takes in alimentary canal

A 
mouth
pharynx (oro-)
esophagus
stomach
small intestines
large intestines (colon)
rectum
anus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

when food starts in the mouth it becomes

A

bolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

bolus goes through ________ and arrives at the stomach

A

segmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

when bolus leaves stomach it becomes ________

A

chime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ is smooth muscle contraction that moves the bolus and chime throughout the tract

A

peristalsis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the ________ contains the visceral and parietal

A

peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the ________ aligns organs

A

visceral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the ________ aligns cavities

A

parietal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ attach to the abdominal organs

A

mesenteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the mesenteries are double sheets of

A

peritoneal membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ covers the surface of the intestines anteriorly

A

greater omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

greater omentum is

A

fatty skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ stabilizes the stomach

A

lesser omentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ is a sheet in back that’s attack to colon

A

mesocolon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

how many layers of tissue in alimentary canal

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what are layers of alimentary canal tissue

A

mucosa
submucosa
muscularis
serosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

are the layers consistent throughout the canal

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is the surface layer of canal tissue

A

mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the ________ contains the musclaris mucosa

A

lamina propria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

muscularis mucosa includes inner and outer

A

muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

inner muscles are

A

circular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

outer muscles are

A

longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the ________ tends to be innervated

A

submucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ are found in the submucosa

A

submucosal plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

another name for submucosal plexus

A

Meissner’s plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

externa musclaris contains

A

inner and outer muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the externa musclaris is innervated with

A

myenteric plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

another name for myenteric plexus

A

plexus of Auerbach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

serosa is called ________ in oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus and rectum

A

adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

oral cavity also called

A

buccal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

oral cavity consists of

A

lips
gums
uvula
fauces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________= lips

A

labia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________=gums

A

gingival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ helps prevent food from prematurely entering the pharynx

A

uvula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what are fauces

A

passageways between mouth and oropharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________=tongue

A

glossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

types of muscle in tongue

A

intrinsic

extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

tongue has ________ and ________

A

body

root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what connects tongue to floor of oral cavity

A

frenulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is frenulum made of

A

thin fold of mucous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what cranial nerves are associated with tongut

A

hypoglossal NXII
facial NVII
glossopharyngeal NIX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does hypoglossal nerve do

A

muscle movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does glossopharyngeal nerve do

A

taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

list of salivary glands

A

sublingual
submandibular
parotid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does sublingual salivary gland do

A

buffer and lubricate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what % of saliva is sublingual

A

5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

function of submandibular salivary gland

A

nucins & salivary amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is % of saliva is submandibular

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is function of parotid salivary gland

A

salivary amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what % of saliva is parotid

A

25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

saliva consists of ________ water

A

99.4%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

.6% of saliva is

A

mucins/buffers
IgA
lysozymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ is an enzyme which breaks down some carbohydrates

A

salivary amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

What targets salivary glands, especially the parotid

A

mumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

which enzyme has defensive qualities

A

lysozyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________= permanent teeth

A

secondary dentition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

how many adult permanent teet

A

32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________= primary dentition

A

deciduous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

children have ________ deciduous teet

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

teeth include:

A

incisors
cuspids
bicupsids
molars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

incisors=

A

bladed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

cuspids=

A

canines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

bicuspids=

A

premolars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

molars=

A

crush and grind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

parts of tooth

A

crown
neck
root

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

crown of tooth contains

A

enamel
dentin
pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

neck of tooth surrounded by

A

gingival

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

root of tooth contains

A

root canal
cementum
peridontal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

chewing is called

A

mastication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

parts of the pharynx involved with dig sys

A

oropharynx

laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

pharynx is aligned with ________muscles

A

constrictor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what sends bolus to esophagus

A

constrictor muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

length of esophagus

A

1 ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

diameter of esophagus

A

2 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

location of esophagus

A

posterior of cricoid cartilage to about C6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ is an opening in the diaphragm allowing esophagus to pass through

A

sophageal hiatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

protrusion through diaphragm at hiatus

A

hiatal hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

esophagus contains

A

upper and lower esophageal sphincter muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what do esophageal sphincter muscles do

A

controls amount of bolus passes through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ is condition where have trouble with closing of sphincter in esophagus

A

GERD or acid reflux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ = swallowing

A

deglutition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

phases of deglutition

A

buccal
pharyngeal
esophageal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

where is swallowing reflex stimulated

A

pharygneal phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

where is control of swallowing

A

medulla oblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

primary peristalsis occurs via

A

vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

secondary peristalsis occurs where

A

locally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

when would secondary peristalsis occur

A

dryness or poor lubrication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

stomach functions include

A

food storage during meal
mechanical breakdown of food during churning
chemical breakdown of food
intrinsic facotr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

how does stomach break food down chemically

A

pH (HCL)

enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is intrinsic factor involved with in the stomach

A

vitamin b12 absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

after the bolus enters the ________ it becomes ________

A

stomach

juicy chyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

where is chyme eventually released and how

A

duodenum via the pyloric sphincter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

regions of stomach

A

cardia
fundus
body
pylorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

stomach is vascularized by many arteries including

A

gastric artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

most superior region of stomach

A

fundus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is main part of stomach (region)

A

body

106
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

where is pylorus located

A

between body and duodenum

107
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

tissue of the stomach is comprised of

A

muscle layer

epithelium layer

108
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

stomach muscle contains

A

longitudinal
circular
oblique

109
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

epithelium layer of stomach consists of

A

folds and shallow depressions

110
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

folds in epithelium of stomach are called

A

rugae

111
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

depressions in epithelium of stomach are called

A

gastric pits

112
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

________ secrete intrinsic factor and HCl

A

parietal cells

113
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

deep within the gastric pit are

A

chief cells

114
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

chief cells secrete

A

pepinogen

115
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

pepinogen combined with HCl forms

A

pepsin or protease

116
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does pepsin/protease do

A

break down proteins

117
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is pepsin/protease

A

enzyme

118
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

deeper still in the gastric pit (most in the pylorus) is the

A

G cells

119
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

G sells secrete

A

gastrin

120
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does gastin cause

A

contractions of the gastric wall and stimulates parietal and chief cells

121
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

how many phases of gastric control

A

3

122
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what are phases of gastric control

A

cephalic
gastric
intestinal

123
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

cephalic gastric control is

A

short - minutes

124
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

cephalic gastric control involves

A

CNS

parasympathetic

125
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is role of CNS in cephalic gastric control

A

think, smell, taste

126
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is role of parasympathetic in cephalic gastric control

A

vagus nerve (NX)

127
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

gastric control (phase) lasts how long

A

long 3-4 hours

128
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

gastric control (phase) involves

A

neural
hormonal
hocal

129
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is neural role in gastric control (phase)

A

stretch and chemo receptors

130
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is hormonal role in gastric control (phase)

A

gastrin

131
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is hocal role in gastric control (phase)

A

histamine from mast cells

132
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does intestinal phase of gastric control do

A

controls rate of gastric emptying

133
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

intestinal phase of gastric control involves

A

nervous response

hormonal response

134
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what are the nervous responses of intestinal phase of gastric control

A

stretch and chemo receptors
enterogastric reflex
inhibits gastric byproduction
contraction of pyrolic sphincter

135
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is hormonal response to instestinal phase of gastric control

A

lipids and carbos
secretin secretion
gastrin secretin

136
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

intestinal hormonal response involves these lipids/carbos

A

CCK (cholecystokinin)

GIP (gastric inhibitory peptide)

137
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does CCK do

A

decrease secretion of enzymes and acids

138
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does GIP do

A

decrease secretion of enzymes as well as acids and decreases contraction - making fatty meals stay longer in stomach

139
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does secretin do

A

decreases parietal and chief cell activity.

decreases ph below 4.5

140
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does gastrin do

A

in the duodenum proteins - increases secretion of gastrin

141
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

when stomach distends and decrease in protein

A

increase chyme into duodenum

142
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

alcohol and caffeine

A

increase gastin secretion and motility

143
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

secretion has been implicated in a subset of

A

autism

144
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the small intestines consists of

A

duodenum
jejunem
ileum

145
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

length of deuodenum

A

12 inch

146
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does jejunem mean

A

empty

147
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

ileum means

A

twisted

148
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

where does the highest amount of nutrient absorption occur

A

small intestines

149
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what % of nutrient absoprtion takes place in small intestines

A

90%

150
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

small intestines have folds called

A

plicae

151
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is on the plicae

A

intestinal villi surrounded by microvilli

152
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what are the villi and microvilli called

A

brush border

153
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

within the villus the _________ absorb mostly lipids

A

lacteals

154
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

example of a lipid the lacteal absorbs

A

chylomicrons

155
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

goblet cells in the small intestines produce _________ and _________

A

mucin
Brunner’s cells
mucus

156
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

_________ are pockets producing new cells which make their way to the top of the villus

A

crypts of Lieberkuhn

157
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

_________ are deep and secrete lysozyme, defensins,etc

A

paneth cells

158
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

brush border enzymes are involved with

A

digestion

159
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

example of brush border enzyme

A

enterokinase

160
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the gastroileal relaxes the

A

ilocecal value

161
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

vomitting reflex is controlled in the

A

medulla oblongata

162
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the pancreas contains

A

head, body, tail

163
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

pancreas consists of

A

lobules

164
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

pancreas is vascularized primarily by

A

pancreatic arteries

165
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

located in the pancreas are the _________ histologically

A

islets of Langerhan

acinar cells

166
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

function of islets of langerhan

A

endocrine function

167
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what cell tissue is 80% of pancreas

A

acinar cells

168
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

function of acinar cells

A

secrete pancreatic juice containing enzymes

169
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

70% of pancreatic enzymes are

A

protease

170
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what does protease do

A

break do proteins/peptidases/peptides

171
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

_________ is found in acinar cells

A

zymogen granules

172
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

zymogen granules contain

A

enzymes

173
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

pancreatic lipases breakdown

A

fats, triglcerides

174
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

pancreatic amylases are called

A

carbohydrase

175
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

pancreatic nucleases break apart

A

nucleic acids

176
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what stimulates production of pancreatic enzymes

A

CCK from duodenum

vagus nerve

177
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what stimulates production of pancreatic buffers

A

secretin from duodenum

178
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

examples of specific proteases and proenzymes

A

trypsinogen
enterokinase
tripsin

179
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

examples of other proenzymes

A

chymotripsin
carboxypeptidase
elastae

180
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the ducts of the pancreas in the

A 
pancreatic duct (Wirsung)
accessory duct (Santorini)
181
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the pancreatic duct meets the bile duct at the _________

A

ampulla of Vater

182
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

where is the bile duct from

A

liver and gall bladder

183
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the pancreatic accessory duct leads to the

A

duodenum

184
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is accessory duct called

A

Santorini

185
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is pancreatic duct called

A

Wirsung

186
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is the largest visceral organ

A

liver

187
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

how many lobes in liver

A

4

188
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what are the lobes in liver

A

left
right
caudate
quadrate

189
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what divides the liver’s left and right lobes

A

falcifrom ligament

190
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

where is the caudate lobe on liver

A

dorsal aspect

191
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what marks the path of the umbilical cord on liver

A

ligamentum teres

192
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the common bile duct, hepatic artery, and hepatic portal intersect with liver where

A

hilus

193
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver consists of

A

hepatocytes

194
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

function of hepatocytes

A

adjust circulating levels of nutrients by selective absorption/secretion

195
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

hepatocytes take out

A

bile and cholesterol

196
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

1/3 of _________ goes to liver

A

bloodflow

197
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

25% of _________ goes to liver

A

cardiac output

198
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

hexagonal shapes in liver tissue

A

lobules

199
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

lobules contain a

A

central vein

200
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

lobules are surrounded by

A

6 hepatic triads

201
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

branches of hepatic triads are

A

hepatic portal vein
hepatic artery
small branch of bile duct

202
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

blood flow in liver

A

sinusoids in central vein
interlobular vein
hepatic vein

203
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

throughout the liver lobules are

A

kupffer cells

204
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

bile is produced and is secreated into the

A

bile canaliculi

205
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

drainage of bile

A

bile canaliculi
ductules
ducts (right/left)
common hepatic duct

206
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

bile is

A

amphipathic

207
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is amphipathic

A

hydrophobic and hydrophilic

208
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver and carbohydrates chain

A

glycogenesis - glycogen - glycogen (stored)
glycongenolysis - glycogen - glucose
gluconeogenesis - (lactic acid)+ AA’s - glucose

209
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the lipid reserves empty into the

A

bloodstream

210
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

most lipids absorbed from digestion bypass

A

hepatic portal circulation/lacteals

211
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

if there is an increase in serum AA’s the liver _________

A

absorbs them

212
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

serum AA’s are used by liver to

A

synthesize proteins or converted to lipids/glucose for storage

213
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

deamination =

A

de (remove)
amin (amine group)
ation (action)

214
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver is involved wtih removal of

A

toxins

wastes including nitrogenous waste

215
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver stores

A

vitamins

fat solubels vit K-ADE, and Vita B12

216
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver is involved with _________ synthesis

A

plasma protein

217
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver stores minerals

A

Fe and Cu

218
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver absorbs

A

hormones
steroid
thyroid

219
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver converts vits D3 from

A

skin

220
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver converts 25 hydroxy-D3

A

liver/kidney

221
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

liver removes

A

antibodies

222
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

_________ is nestled under the liver

A

gall bladder

223
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

function of gallbladder

A

store bile

224
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

_________ leaves the gallbladder and joins with the common hepatic duct

A

cystic duct

225
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

cystic duct and common hepatic duct form

A

common bile duct

226
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the _________ is stimulated by CCK and releases bile to duodendum

A

sphincter of Oddi

227
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is sphincter of oddi

A

hepatopancreatic sphincter

228
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

functions of large intestine

A

reabsorption of water
compactor
absorption of vitamins
stores feces

229
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what vitamins does large intestines absorb

A

vita b12, biotin, K

230
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

bacterial flora break down what in LI

A

fiber

231
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what are pouches in LI called

A

haustra

232
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

haustra comprises of

A

colon

233
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is haustra churning

A

peristolsis of colon

234
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what causes haustra churning

A

3 longitudinal muscle bands

235
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

name of muscle bands in LI

A

taentia coli

236
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

along the colon is fat called the

A

epiploic appendages

237
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

the _________ attaches to teh cecum

A

vermiform appendix

238
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what dominates the vermiform appendix

A

lymphoid nodules

239
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

digestion: mouth: proteins

A

nothing

240
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: mouth: carbs

A

salivary amylase

241
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: mouth: fat

A

linqual lipase

242
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: stomach: protein

A

pepsin

Acid - denatures

243
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: stomach: carb

A

nothing

244
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: stomach: fat

A

nothing

245
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: duodenum: protein

A 
protease/peptidases
trysin
chymotrypsin
elastase
carboxypeptidase
246
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: duodenum: carb

A

pancreatic amalyse

247
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: duodenum: fat

A

pancreatic lipase

bile-emulsifies

248
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: intestinal: protein

A

exopeptidases

249
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: intestinal: carb

A

maltase (for maltose)

250
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: mucosa: protein

A

dipeptidases

251
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

dig: mucosa: carbs

A

sucrase (for sucrose)

lactase (for lactose)

252
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

lipid starts as a _________ which is broken down into little _________

A

fat bubble

fat bubble

253
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

little fat bubbles of lipids are produced by

A

emulsification

254
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

after lipid has been emulsififed it becomes

A

micelle

255
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

what is micelle made of

A

bile and fat

256
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

micelle and protein combine to form

A

chymlomicron

257
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

ion absorption occurs

A

along the alimentary canal

258
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

fat soluble vitamins include

A

KADE

259
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

water soluble vitamins include

A

Bs and C

260
Q

Chapter 24 - Digestive System

B12 need _________ to be absorbed

A

intrinsic factor

Anatomy & Physiology (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions