Chapter 16 - The Autonomic Nervous System Notes Flashcards
Function of ans
Coordinates the physiological systems of the body
ANS
Autonomic nervous system
Ans is a _____ system
Motor
Ans is under ______ control
Involuntary
Ans controls these functions
Heart rate Blood pressure Respiration Gi functions Glandular secretions
Number of divisions in ans
2
What are division of ans
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic division consists of
Preganglionic fibers from the lumbar and thoracic spinal nerve segments
(Thoracolumbar)
Sympathetic division made up of nerve fibers from
Segments of T1-L2
What are paravertebral ganglia
Sympathetic chain ganglia
Where is sympathetic chain ganglia located
Adjacent to spinal column in thoracolumbar reguon
What division has flight or fight system
Sympathetic - preganglionic fibers
Nerves that exit the sympathetic chain ganglia are called
Sympathic nerves
Where do sympathetic nerves travel
Directly to visceral organs
What are the second order neurons to visceral organs
Sympathetic nerves
Sympathetic ganglia that are separate from the ganglia are called
Collateral ganglia or prevertebral ganglia
Collateral ganglia form the
Splanchnic nerves
What does the splanchnic nerves innervate
Visceral organs
Sympathetic fibers also innervate the ______ that sit on the kidneys
Adrenal glands
What does the adrenal glands secrete
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
The adrenal gland is considers a specialized structure that contains
Second order neuron
The sympathetic division influences all ______ and ________ structures in the body
Visceral
Somatic
Effects of sympathetic stimulation (increases)
Mental alertness Metabolic rate Respiratory rate Heart rate Blood pressure
Effects of sympathetic stimulation (activate/deactivate)
Activate:
Energy reserves
Sweat glands
Deactivate:
Digestive and urinary tract functions
The parasympathetic division is composed of
Neurons from brain stem and sacral nerve roots
Craniosacral
Functions of PSD directed towards
Food processing
Absorption of nutrients
Relaxing states of the body
PSD = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ SD = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Calming system
Activity system
Neurotransmitter involved in the psd
Acetylcholine (ach)
All psd synapses secrete
Ach
The psd nervous system influences
Only visceral structures supplied by cranial nerves or those in abdominopelvic cavity
Effects of PSD stimulation (decrease/lower)
Metabolic rate
Heart rate
Blood pressure
Effects of PSD stimulation (increases)
Digestive activity
Urination and defecation
Some visceral organs have _______ innervation
Dual sympathetic and parasympathetic
Dual innervation nerves are called
Autonomic plexuses or nerve network
List of dual autonomic plexuses
Cardiac Pulmonary Celiac Inferior mesenteric Hypogastric
The two systems of sympathetic and parasympathetic will
Inhibit Function or activate function within visceral organs
The _______ involved with the ANS provide automatic motor responses to stimuli that can be modified or inhibited by higher brain centers
Visceral reflexes
The ANS is neurologically in _______ with the higher brain centers as well as ______ the visceral systems in the body.
Communication
Controlling
