Chapter 26 soft tissue continued

Question 1

open wounds

Answer 1

abrasions

lacerations

penetrating trauma, and punctures

avulsions

amputations

open crush injuries

bite wounds

blast injuries

high pressure injuries

Question 2

abraisions

Answer 2

simple scratches scrapes of outer most layer of skin.
can have severe abrasions like road rash

high infection potential

Question 3

lacerations

Answer 3

a cut, smooth or jagged. normally caused by an object with a sharp edge. it can also result from a severe blow or impact from a blunt object

Question 4

puncture wound

Answer 4

when an object passes through the skin and tissue.
normally caused by 
bullets
nails
ice pick
splinters
knives
blast injuries can also cause shrapnel injuries

always consider a puncture wound a serious injury

Question 5

avulsion

Answer 5

the tearing off of skin, flaps of skin/or other soft tissue

term can be used for an eye pulled from its socket or a tooth dislodged from socket

when tissue is avulsed, it is cut off from its oxygen supply and will die soon.

Question 6

amputations

Answer 6

severing of a body part.

normally cut off or torn off.

Question 7

open crush injuries

Answer 7

can be both open or closed wounds

simply any body tissue that is between two heavy (forceful) objects will be crushed

Question 8

bite wounds

Answer 8

can have a very high rate of infection, may be considered a sign of abuse (if human bite wound)

Question 9

blast injuries

Answer 9

could be a combination of all or any of the open wound types.
4 stages
-pressure wave/primary
-blast wave/secondary
-patient displacement/tertiary
-hazard materials or structural collapse/ quaternary injury

Question 10

high pressure injection injuries

Answer 10

can have the high pressure wound, and toxic injuries as well.

Question 11

all bullet wounds are_____?

Answer 11

considered serious injuries

Question 12

burns affect much more than skin

Answer 12

burns affect structures below the skin including
-muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels

can cause respiratory failure and respiratory arrest

Question 13

burn classification by agent (source)

Answer 13

agent and source of burn
depth of burn
severity of burn

Question 14

burn agents (sources of burn)

Answer 14

thermal
-flame or heat source

chemical
-acids, and caustics

electrical
-alternating current, direct current

light
-intense light source (injuring the eyes)

radiological
-nuclear source, or ultra violet light

Question 15

depth of burn classification

Answer 15

-superficial burn (1st degree)
outer layer burn (painful but minor)

-partial thickness burn(2nd degree)
burned down to the dermis (plasma and fluids rise to the surface)

-full thickness burn(3rd degree)
charred black or brown, or dry and white
sometimes the nerves have been burned and there would be no pain except for surrounding areas.

can damage muscle, bone, and underlying organs

Question 16

determining the severity of burns

Answer 16

• agent or source of burn
• body regions burned
• depth of burn
• extend of burn
• age of the patient
• illnesses and injuries

Question 17

amount of skin burned calculation

Answer 17

the rule of 9's
each area represents 9% of body surface
head
neck
each upper extremity
chest
abdomen
upper back
lower back
buttocks
front of each lower extremity 
back of each lower extremity 

1% left is for the genetalia

Question 18

rule of palm

Answer 18

one palm is roughly 1% of body surface area

Question 19

liquifying of damaged tissue from Alkalis

Answer 19

saponification