Chapter 18 ACS and causes of cardiac conditions Flashcards
cardiac compromise or (ACS)
a blanket term that refers to anytime the heart may not be getting enough oxygen.
acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
when a coronary artery can become blocked
a one way valve may stop working
specialized tissue that carries electrical impulses maybe malfunctioning
treatment of most heart condition symptoms are______?
treated as if they are having a heart problem
chest pain
is the most common symptom of a heart attack
- crushing
- squezzing
- dull
- heavy
radiation of pressure, pain or discomfort during cardiac distress
radiates along arms down to upper abdomen up to the jaw radiation to the left arm more than right (both is possible)
dyspnea
sometimes the only complaint of patients experiencing cardiac compromise.
-sometimes patients can’t think of anything other than the difficulty breathing unless asked about it.
ACS patients are often______?
anxious shown through several forms
- feeling of impending doom
- irritability
- short temper
- nauseous
- pain or discomfort in upper abdomen
- loosing consciousness due to lack of blood or oxygenated blood
percentage of patients that do not have typical chest discomfort
between 1/4 and 1/3
coronary artery disease
a condition that blocks or narrows an artery
CAD
is the buildup of fatty deposits on the inner walls of arteries
plaque build up over time hardens the walls of the artery making it stiff and non permeable.
as well as making it more susceptible to forming clotts
creating thrombus and embolisms
thrombus
a clot formed of blood and plaque attached to the inner wall of artery or vein
if it keeps growing a thrombus can grow to a blockage
embolism
a clot that is brought to an area by the blood flow
occlusion
cutting off flow
blockage caused by fatty deposits
risk factors of CAD (changeable by life style and diet)
- hypertension
- obesity
- lack of excercise
- elevated blood levels
- cholesterol
- triglycerides and cigarette smoking
risk factors of CAD non changeable
heredity
age
