Chapter 1: Lesson 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Risk factor

A

Any attribute, characteristic, or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cholesterol

A

A waxy, fatlike substance found in bodily cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Stroke

A

A sudden lack of blood supply to the brain, caused by either a blockage in an artery or ruptured blood vessel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Heart attack

A

The action that occurs when an artery supplying the heart with blood and oxygen becomes blocked; medically known as a myocardial infarction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Heart failure

A

A condition in which the heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Heart valve problem

A

A condition that occurs when one or more heart valves do not function properly, causing shortness of breath and reduced oxygen supply to the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Arrhythmia

A

A problem with the rate or rhythm of a person’s heartbeat. The heart beats too quickly, too slowly, or with an irregular pattern.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ischemic heart disease

A

A category of heart-related problems caused by the narrowing of coronary arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the heart muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Atherosclerosis

A

The processes by which plaque is formed in arteries leading to reduced blood flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Physical activity

A

Bodily movement that results in energy expenditure and encompasses many modes and intensities. Movement that is not structured exercise such as recreational pursuits (e.g., golfing, gardening, and walking a dog).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hypertension

A

Consistently elevated blood pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Systolic blood pressure (SBP)

A

The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when the heart is contracting; the first (top) number recorded.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)

A

The pressure in arteries and other blood vessels when heart is at rest or between beats; the second (bottom) number recorded.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diabetes

A

Chronic metabolic disorder, caused by insulin deficiency, which impairs carbohydrate usage and enhances usage of fat and protein.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Glucose

A

The simplest form of carbohydrate used by the body for energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Insulin resistance

A

The inability of the cells to respond to insulin; occurs in type 2 diabetes.

17
Q

Cancer

A

A group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

18
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

A general term used to describe progressive lung diseases, including emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and refractory (nonreversible) asthma.

19
Q

Endorphins

A

A group of hormones secreted by the brain that provides a variety of physiological functions, such as reducing the perception of pain.