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CATA exam > Chap 21 > Flashcards

Chap 21 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. Rupture of the extensor tendon from the distal phalanx due to forceful flexion of the phalanx is called:
    a. Boutonnière deformity
    b. Mallet finger.
    c. Jersey finger.
    d. Trigger finger.
A

B

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2
Q
  1. A softball catcher is complaining of swelling over the hypothenar eminence and numbness into the small finger. What structure might be injured?
    a. Musculocutaneous nerve
    b. Carpal tunnel
    c. Ulnar nerve
    d. Radial nerve
A

C

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3
Q
  1. In what position should the wrist be held if maximum grip strength is desired?
    a. Radial deviation and slight hyperextension
    b. Ulnar deviation and slight hyperextension
    c. Radial deviation and flexion
    d. Ulnar deviation and flexion
A

A

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4
Q
  1. Gloves used in cycling, rowing, and weight lifting are designed to
    a. Decrease direct compression forces
    b. Decrease friction to the dorsal surface
    c. Add padding to the palmar surface
    d. Cushion the dorsum of the hand
A

C

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5
Q
  1. Pale nail beds following injury to the wrist or hand may indicate
    a. Heal illness
    b. Circulatory problems
    c. Volar plate injury
    d. Neurological deficits
A

B

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6
Q
  1. If a boxer’s fracture is sustained, the hand should be immobilized in what position?
    a. In extension
    b. Relaxed, but with a fist
    c. Thumb in abduction
    d. With metacarpals flexed and phalanges extended
A

B

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7
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a carpal bone in the wrist?
    a. Hamate
    b. Capitate
    c. Lunate
    d. Cuboid
A

D

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8
Q
  1. The thumb has all of the following joint articulations EXCEPT:
    a. IP
    b. CM
    c. MP
    d. DIP
A

D

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9
Q
  1. If an athlete has pain over the anatomical snuff box, it indicates which of the following injuries?
    a. Lunate dislocation
    b. Scaphoid fracture
    c. Bennet fracture
    d. Gamekeeper’s thumb
A

B

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10
Q
  1. What finger is commonly involved in Jersey finger?
    a. Ring finger
    b. Index finger
    c. Thumb
    d. Middle finger
A

A

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11
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of gamekeeper’s thumb?
    a. Swelling of the palmar aspect of the hand
    b. Instability of the thumb in flexion
    c. More laxity than the other thumb
    d. Instability when the thumb is in extension
A

D

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12
Q
  1. A positive Finkelstein test suggests
    a. de Quervain tenosynovitis
    b. ulnar carpal syndrome
    c. entrapment of the anterior interosseous nerve
    d. an ulnar collateral ligament sprain
A

A

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13
Q
  1. A boxer’s fracture is a fracture of the
    a. 1st phalynx
    b. 1st metacarpal
    c. 5th metacarpal
    d. 2nd metacarpal
A

C

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14
Q
  1. The TFCC acts as a stabilizer for the:
    a. Distal radioulnar joint
    b. Radiocarpal joint
    c. Carpometacarpal joint
    d. Metacarpophalangeal joint
A

A

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15
Q
  1. Trigger finger is a result of:
    a. Stress fracture
    b. Tendon stenosis
    c. Collateral ligament instability
    d. Neurovascular deficiency
A

B

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16
Q
  1. Flexion of the DIP and PIP joints test damage to which nerve?
    a. Median
    b. Radial
    c. Ulnar
    d. Volar
A

A

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17
Q
  1. Extension of the thumb and fingers tests damage to which nerve?
    a. Median
    b. Radial
    c. Ulnar
    d. Volar
A

B

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18
Q
  1. Which of the following muscles are NOT wrist flexors:
    a. Brachioradialis
    b. Palmaris longus
    c. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
    d. Adductor policis
    e. A, B
    f. A, C
    g. A, D
    h. B, C
    i. B, D
A

G

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19
Q
  1. A sprain of the ulnar collateral ligament of the MP joint of the thumb, caused by forceful abduction of the thumb while the thumb is extended, is called:
    a. Baseball thumb
    b. Boutonniere deformity
    c. Bowler’s thumb
    d. Gamekeeper’s thumb
A

D

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20
Q
  1. The bone most commonly dislocated during axial loading on an extended wrist is the:
    a. Capitate
    b. Lunate
    c. Scaphoid
    d. Triquetrum
A

B

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21
Q
  1. A fixed flexion deformity at the PIP joint of a finger caused by inadequate care is called:
    a. Blowler’s finger
    b. Boxer’s finger
    c. Coach’s finger
    d. Volar finger
A

C

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22
Q
  1. An inability to flex the distal phalanx because of a rupture of the tendon is called:
    a. Boutonniere deformity
    b. Bowler’s finger
    c. Jersey finger
    d. Mallet finger
A

C

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23
Q
  1. A deformity caused by a rupture of the extensor tendon of the middle phalanx is called
    a. Boutonniere deformity
    b. Bowler’s finger
    c. Handlebar palsy
    d. Mallet finger
A

A

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24
Q
  1. Stenosis tenosynovitis of the first tunnel of the wrist through which the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus move is characteristic of
    a. Bowler’s thumb
    b. de Quervain disease
    c. Handlebar palsy
    d. Volkmann contracture
A

B

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25
Q
  1. Tapping sign over the transverse carpal ligament tests for:
    a. Arterial impingement
    b. Carpal tunnel syndrome
    c. Ganglion cysts
    d. Tenosynovitis of wrist flexors
A

B

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26
Q
  1. A wrist fracture where the radius and ulna are forced dorsally is called a:
    a. Anderson fracture
    b. Colles fracture
    c. Jones fracture
    d. Smith fracture
A

B

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27
Q
  1. Possible complications of a forearm fracture are muscle spasm, swelling, or arterial damage that inhibits blood circulation to the wrist and hand. This complication is called
    a. Compartment syndrome
    b. Dupuytren contracture
    c. Flexion contracture
    d. Volkmann contracture
A

D

28
Q
  1. An articular fracture dislocation to the proximal end of the first metacarpal is called
    a. Bennett fracture
    b. Boxer fracture
    c. Galeazzi fracture
    d. Monteggia fracture
A

A

29
Q
  1. Which of the following tests may be used to determine if the median or ulnar nerves are compressed?
    a. Allen test
    b. de Quervain test
    c. Phalen test
    d. Tinel sign
A

C

30
Q
  1. Poor blood supply to the anatomic snuffbox increases the risk of _____ to this area.
A

a. aseptic necrosis

31
Q
  1. _______ strength is often limited during carpal tunnel syndrome.
A

a. Grip/Pinch

32
Q
  1. Mallet finger injuries are usually splinted in _____ (position) for_____ weeks.
A

a. extension, 6–8

33
Q
  1. The _______ test is used to diagnose scapholunate instability
A

a. Watson

34
Q
  1. _________are specialized connective tissue that forms protective passageways through which tendons, nerves, and blood vessels pass.
A

a. Retinacula

35
Q
  1. To ensure healing of a dislocated PIP joint, the finger should be splinted in about 30° of flexion, with active motion starting after ______ days
A

a. 10–14

36
Q
  1. An uncomplicated dislocation of the PIP joint is managed by splinting the joint in _____ degrees of __________ (position)
A

a. 30 degrees, flexion

37
Q
  1. The most common mechanism of injury for a PIP dislocation is __________
A

a. Hyperextension

38
Q
  1. Kienböck disease is a degeneration or osteochondritis of the
A

a. Lunate

39
Q
  1. In a perilunate dislocation, the lunate rests _______ relative to the other carpals.
A

a. Dorsally

40
Q
  1. Tenderness or pain with palpation on the ulnar aspect of the wrist over the TFCC is known as ______
A

a. fovea sign

41
Q
  1. True or False: The normal range of motion for ulnar deviation is 30° to 45
A

T

42
Q
  1. True or False: Gymnast’s wrist is a stress injury to the distal radial epiphyseal plate
A

T

43
Q
  1. True or False: The treatment of choice for a ganglion cyst is aspiration
A

F

44
Q
  1. True or False: The immediate management for a subungual hematoma is a warm waters oak and germicide
A

F

45
Q
  1. True or False: Symptoms associated with cyclist’s palsy typically persist for 48 to 72 hours
A

F

46
Q
  1. True or False: The position of rest for the hand that allows the greatest amount of flexion of the fingers is with the wrist in a slightly flexed position with about 10° to 15° of ulnar deviation.
A

F

47
Q
  1. True or False: Precision techniques to restore dexterity in the fingers after injury should be started immediately after the swelling and pain are controlled.
A

T

48
Q
  1. True or False: The ulnar nerve supplies innervation to the flexor muscles of the wrist and hand.
A

F

49
Q
  1. True or False: The superficial branch of the radial nerve supplies afferent sensation to the dorsum of the hand.
A

T

50
Q
  1. True or False: The power grip is demonstrated by pinching a baseball against the palm with the wrist in slight hyperextension.
A

F

51
Q
  1. True or False: Axial loading on the wrist is the leading cause of fractures and dislocations at the distal forearm, wrist, and hand.
A

T

52
Q
  1. True or False: A complication of hyperextension of the proximal phalanx is that the volar plate can be stretched or ruptured.
A

T

53
Q
  1. True or False: The most commonly dislocated bone in the wrist is the scaphoid.
A

f

54
Q
  1. True or False: Dislocations at the distal interphalangeal joint are by far the most common hand joint dislocation.
A

F

55
Q
  1. True or False: Distal interphalangeal dislocations usually occur dorsally and may be associated with an open wound.
A

T

56
Q
  1. True or False: In a dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint, the finger should be splinted in 90° of flexion to prevent joint adhesions from forming
A

F

57
Q
  1. True or False: In a mallet finger, the extensor tendon usually retracts and can be palpated over the proximal phalanx when the hand is pronated.
A

F

58
Q
  1. True or False: The management of a mallet finger includes immobilizing the DIP joint in extension for 6 to 8 weeks. The PIP joint is left free to move
A

T

59
Q
  1. True or False: Stenosing tenosynovitis at the wrist typically involves the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis.
A

T

60
Q
  1. True or False: A common complication of a metacarpal fracture is aseptic necrosis.
A

F

61
Q
  1. True or False: Failure to maintain the longitudinal and rotational alignments of the fingers can lead to long-term disability in grasping or manipulating small objects in the palm of the hand.
A

T

62
Q
  1. A weight lifter pinched a finger between a weight and weight rack. Blood has accumulated under the fingernail. What factors determine whether or not it is necessary to relieve the pressure?
A

a. If the individual has a subungual that causes discomfort so great that the individual is unable to perform, the hematoma should be drained under the direction of a physician. The concern is that the draining process opens an avenue for infection.

63
Q
  1. Explain the management for a mild interphalangeal collateral ligament sprain.
A

a. Following standard acute care, a mild sprain can be treated by taping the injured finger to an adjacent finger (e.g., buddy taping).

64
Q
  1. Explain the management for a mallet finger.
A

a. Following standard acute care, the individual should be referred to a physician for further care. Treatment usually involves splinting the DIP joint in complete extension for 6 to 8 weeks.

65
Q
  1. What is a ganglion cyst? Identify the characteristics of a ganglion.
A

a. Ganglion cysts are benign tumor masses typically seen on the dorsal aspect of the wrist, although they may occur on the volar aspect. Associated with tissue sheath degeneration, the cyst itself contains a jelly-like, colorless fluid of mucin, and is freely mobile and palpable. Occurring spontaneously, cysts seldom cause any pain or loss of motion. As the ganglion increases in size, discomfort from the pressure may occur.

66
Q
  1. What are the signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome? What is the management for this condition?
A

a. The individual will report that pain wakes them in the middle of the night and is often relieved by “shaking out their hands.” Pain, numbness, tingling, or a burning sensation may be felt only in the fingertips on the palmar aspect of the thumb, index, and middle finger. Generally, only one extremity is affected. Grip strength and pinch strength may be limited. A common complaint is difficulty manipulating coins. Symptoms are reproduced when direct compression is applied over the median nerve in the carpal tunnel for about 30 seconds. Although a positive Phalen maneuver and Tinel sign are classic clinical signs of the syndrome, diminished sensitivity to pain and weak thumb abduction are more predictive of abnormal nerve conduction. Individuals with suspected CTS should be referred to a physician for care. Immobilization in slight wrist extension with a dorsal splint is used to rest the wrist for up to 3 to 5 weeks, particularly at night when symptoms occur. An ice cup or ice bag, NSAIDs, or in some situations, diuretics, can initially reduce swelling and pain in the area caused by tenosynovitis. Use of a compression wrap should be avoided because this adds additional compression on the already impinged structures.

CATA exam (33 decks)

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