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CATA exam > Chap 15 > Flashcards

Chap 15 Flashcards

1
Q
  1. A subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone will produce:
    a. Local effects
    b. General effects
    c. Collective effects
    d. Systemic effects
A

A

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2
Q
  1. The bioavailability of a drug is influenced by which of the following two pharmacokinetic processes?
    a. Route of administration and metabolism
    b. Route of administration and absorption
    c. Absorption and distribution
    d. Absorption and metabolism
A

B

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3
Q
  1. Which of the following usually enter the bloodstream within 30 minutes?
    a. Inhaled medications
    b. Subcutaneously injected medications
    c. Sublingually administered medications
    d. Oral medications
    e. All of the above
    f. A, B, C only
    g. A, B, D only
    h. A, C, D only
    i. B, C, D only
    j. None of the above
A

D

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4
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT an invasive route of drug administration?
    a. Inhalation
    b. Subcutaneous injection
    c. Rectal
    d. All of the above
    e. A, B only
    f. A, C only
    g. B, C only
    h. B, D only
    i. None of the above
A

A

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5
Q
  1. The half-life of acetaminophen is 2 hours. If 500 mg of acetaminophen is taken, how many milligrams will be left in the body 2 hours after the initial dose?
    a. 100
    b. 200
    c. 250
    d. 350
A

C

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6
Q
  1. Which of the following is a trade name for a drug?
    a. Acetaminophen
    b. Ketoprofen
    c. Tolnaftate
    d. Tylenol
    e. All of the above
    f. A, B, C only
    g. A, B, D only
    h. A, C, D only
    i. B, C, D only
    j. None of the above
A

D

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7
Q
  1. Which of the following has no effect on how quickly drugs are absorbed in the body?
    a. Rate of dissolution
    b. Cholesterol level
    c. Blood flow
    d. Lipid solubility
A

B

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8
Q
  1. Corticosteroids are indicated for each of the following except:
    a. Influenza
    b. Nasal inflammation
    c. Rheumatic disorders
    d. Skin infections
A

A

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9
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a side effect of large doses of caffeine?
    a. Increased blood pressure
    b. Depression
    c. Gastrointestinal irritation
    d. Hyperesthesia
A

C

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10
Q
  1. Which of the following does NOT affect the absorption rate of alcohol?
    a. Type of alcohol
    b. Current stomach contents
    c. Age
    d. Gastric motility
A

C

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11
Q
  1. The effects of tetrahydrocannabinol depend on each of the following EXCEPT:
    a. The route.
    b. Body weight.
    c. The setting.
    d. The prior experience of the user.
A

B

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12
Q
  1. In individuals involved in high-intensity training, anabolic steroids cannot increase:
    a. Body weight
    b. Lean body mass
    c. Muscle strength
    d. Aerobic capacity
A

D

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13
Q
  1. The side effects of ephedra include:
    a. Tachycardia
    b. Hypertension
    c. Stroke
    d. Death
    e. All of the above
    f. A, B, C only
    g. A, B, D only
    h. A, C, D only
    i. B, C, D only
    j. None of the above
A

E

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14
Q
  1. Which of the following are accepted methods of drug testing?
    a. Urinalysis
    b. Blood tests
    c. Hair tests
    d. Saliva tests
    e. All of the above
    f. A, B, C only
    g. A, B, D only
    h. A, C, D only
    i. B, C, D only
    j. None of the above
A

F

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15
Q
  1. Which of the following are classified as Class II drugs?
    a. Cocaine
    b. Amphetamines
    c. LSD
    d. Fentanyl
    e. All of the above
    f. A, B, C only
    g. A, B, D only
    h. A, C, D only
    i. B, C, D only
    j. None of the above
A

G

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16
Q
  1. ___________is responsible for supervising the manufacturing, labeling, and distribution of chemical substances, including therapeutic medications.
A

a. FDA

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17
Q
  1. Drugs that are administered _______ must go through the first-pass effect.
A

a. Orally

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18
Q
  1. The time of the latency period between the time a drug is administered and the onset of effects is determined by the _______ rate
A

a. Absorption

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19
Q
  1. Over-the-counter NSAIDs should be used for a maximum of _____ days when used for the treatment of inflammation.
A

a. 10

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20
Q
  1. ____________ is the study of how a drug moves through the body.
A

a. Pharmacokinetics

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21
Q
  1. A drug’s ______ is the most important consideration in determining a safe and effective dose.
A

a. Potency

22
Q
  1. Diuretics that cause moderate increases in water excretion and are appropriate for long-term use are____________
    .
A

a. thiazide diuretics

23
Q
  1. Decongestants should be used during the day and _________ used at night, since they are known to decrease reaction time and cause drowsiness, lethargy, and dryness in the mucous membranes.
A

a. Antihistamines

24
Q
  1. Intravenous use of erythropoietin stimulates RBC production within days, and effects can be seen for as long as _______ weeks.
A

a. 4

25
Q
  1. Increased muscle _________ buffers the lactic acid produced during exercise.
A

a. Creatine

26
Q
  1. Class_______ drugs are considered to be highly harmful with a lack of evidence for medical use
A

a. One

27
Q
  1. True or False: Aleveis not effective in the treatment of inflammation of soft-tissue injuries?
A

T

28
Q
  1. True or False: Intravenous drugs enter the body via the parenteral route.
A

T

29
Q
  1. True or False: Nuprin is not an OTC NSAID?
A

F

30
Q
  1. True or False: A nicotine patch would undergo first-pass effect.
A

F

31
Q
  1. True or False: The liver plays a role in drug elimination
A

F

32
Q
  1. True or False: Once a drug response reaches its threshold, an increase in response can only be achieved by administering more medication.
A

F

33
Q
  1. True or False: A drug’s absorption rate is often determined by the drug’s metabolism.
A

F

34
Q
  1. True or False: Tablets, capsules, liquids, and powders are all drug vehicles.
A

T

35
Q
  1. True or False: Sustained-release preparations are often used to treat congestion and sinus.
A

T

36
Q
  1. True or False: Water-soluble drugs freely pass the blood–brain barrier.
A

F

37
Q
  1. True or False: For a drug to be effective, it must reach a therapeutic range.
A

T

38
Q
  1. True or False: Drug dispensing is defined as providing one dose of medication to an individual.
A

F

39
Q
  1. True or False: When NSAIDs are used for their antipyretic effect, they should be used for no more than 5 days.
A

F

40
Q
  1. True or False: Corticosteroids enhance the healing process in acute injuries by affecting fluid, electrolyte balance, and metabolic activities in the major systems of the body.
A

F

41
Q
  1. True or False: Central agent muscle relaxants affect the skeletal muscle cell.
A

F

42
Q
  1. True or False: The most common side effect of hGH is acromegaly.
A

T

43
Q
  1. True or False: Amphetamines influence involuntary actions of the central nervous system.
A

T

44
Q
  1. True or False: Gynecomastia is a potential physical effect of short-term anabolic steroid use.
A

T

45
Q
  1. True or False: When a corticosteroid is injected into a joint, the joint should be stressed immediately
A

F

46
Q
  1. Explain the difference between enteral and parenteral routes of drug administration.
A

a. Enteral routes (i.e., oral, sublingual, or rectal) use the gastrointestinal tract for entry into the body and are the most commonly used routes for drug administration. Parenteral routes do not use the gastrointestinal tract as entry to the body, but rather use other methods, both invasive and noninvasive. Invasive avenues include intravenous, intra-arterial, intramuscular, and subcutaneous injections, whereas noninvasive percutaneous methods include inhalation, topical, and transdermal application.

47
Q
  1. Identify six factors that influence drug interaction.
A

a. The factors include:
i. Genetics and age
ii. Current illness or disease
iii. Quantity of drug ingested
iv. Duration of the drug therapy
v. Time interval between taking two or more drugs
vi. Which drug is taken first

48
Q
  1. Outline guidelines for the use of OTC and Rx medications when traveling with teams.
A

a. The guidelines include:
i. Medications should not be placed in checked luggage.
ii. Take a copy of any written prescriptions.
iii. Plan ahead and make sure there is a source of medication while traveling.
iv. Keep medications in the original container for identification purposes.
v. A large-enough supply should be taken to cover emergency situations.
vi. Keep medications in a safe and secure location.

49
Q
  1. Explain and discuss the characteristics of NSAIDs, their physiological effects, and how they are used in the management of musculoskeletal injuries.
A

a. NSAIDs are aspirin-like drugs that suppress inflammation and pain, produce analgesia, and reduce fever. NSAIDs were developed in an attempt to decrease the gastrointestinal and hemorrhagic effects produced by aspirin. They produce the same effects as aspirin without many of the side effects. The various types of NSAIDs differ chemically and pharmacokinetically based on their duration of action, potency level, over-the-counter and prescription status, and dosing regimen. NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin activity, they reduce inflammation and pain. NSAIDs also provide analgesia without sedation or the euphoria that is often associated with narcotic analgesics such as morphine, meperidine (e.g., Demerol), codeine, oxycodone (e.g., Percodan, Tylox), and propoxyphene (e.g., Darvon, Darvocet). NSAIDs may also reduce fever without reducing normal body temperature. NSAIDs have some antiplatelet (anticlotting) properties. However, in contrast to the strong antiplatelet properties of aspirin, NSAIDs’ effects are much lower in intensity. They are considered safe when used to treat acute soft-tissue injuries. NSAIDs are used to treat mild-to-moderate pain associated with joints, muscles, and headaches. They are often used to treat inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis, tendinitis, and bursitis conditions. However, they are not effective for the relief of severe pain.

50
Q
  1. Describe the adverse effects associated with the use of amphetamines, ephedrine, and anabolic steroids.
A

a. The side effects of amphetamines include: a lowered threshold for arrhythmias and provocation of angina, which may lead to sudden cardiac death, stroke, tremors, insomnia, psychosis, psychological addiction, and rhabdomyolysis. The mild adverse effects of ephedrine include: heart palpitations and irregular heartbeats, dizziness, headache, insomnia, nervousness, and skin flushing or tingling. Moderate to severe adverse reactions to ephedrine include tachycardia, life-threatening arrhythmias, hypertension, stroke, seizures, and death. Combining caffeine with ephedra greatly increases the side effects. The short-term side effects of anabolic steroids include: acne, gynecomastia, baldness, enhanced facial and body hair growth, menstrual irregularities, decreased breast development in women, enlargement of clitoris, and deepening of the voice. The long-term side effect of anabolic steroids includes cardiovascular disease, liver disease, testicle atrophy, impotence/sterility, decrease in sperm.

51
Q
  1. Please list three common signs or symptoms of local adverse drug reaction.
A

a. Three examples would include rash, rubor skin, and itching.

52
Q
  1. What are two disadvantages to urine testing?
A

a. Ease of tampering with the sample
b. Potentially humiliating experience for the individual

CATA exam (33 decks)

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