ch5 medical terminology Flashcards
cardi
heart
(ex: tachycardia=fast heart rate)
hepat
liver
(ex: hepatomegaly: enlargement of the liver)
nephr
kidney
(ex: nephropathy: disease of the kidney)
neur
nerves
(ex: neurologist)
psych
mind
(ex: psychology)
thorac
chest
(thoracic: pertaining to the chest or thorax)
hyper-
over-excessive, high
(ex: hyperventilation)
hypo-
under, below normal
(ex: hypoperfusion: below normal blood flow to vital organs)
tachy-
rapid/fast
(ex: tachycardia: fast heart rate)
brady-
slow
(ex: bradypnea: slow breathing)
pre-
before
(ex: prenatal: occurring before birth)
post-
after, behind
(ex: post surgical: occurring after surgery)
-al
pertaining to
(ex: syncopal: pertaining to syncope)
-algia
pertaining to pain
(ex: arthralgia: joint pain)
-ectomy
surgical removal of
(appendectomy: surgical removal of the appendix)
-ic
pertaining to
(ex: diaphoretic: pertaining to diaphoresis)
-ic
pertaining to
(ex: diaphoretic: pertaining to diaphoresis)
-ic
pertaining to
(ex: diaphoretic: pertaining to diaphoresis)
-itis
inflammation
(ex: epiglottitis: inflammation of epiglottis)
-logy
study of
(cardiology: study of the heart)
-logist
specialist
(ex: pulmonologist: specialist in diseases of the lung)
-megaly
enlargement
(ex: cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart)
-megaly
enlargement
(ex: cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart)
-meter
measuring instrument
(ex: Sphygmomanometer: instrument to measure blood pressure)
-oma
tumor (usually referring to cancer)
(ex: lymphoma: cancer of lymphatic system)
-pathy
disease
(ex: nephropathy: diseases of the kidneys)
words that end in “a” change to ….. when plural
ae
(ex: vertebra—>vertebrae)
words that end in “is” change to….. when plural
es
(ex: diagnosis—>diagnoses)
words that end in “is” change to….. when plural
es
(ex: diagnosis—>diagnoses)
words that end in “is” change to….. when plural
es
(ex: diagnosis—>diagnoses)
words that end in “is” change to….. when plural
es
(ex: diagnosis—>diagnoses)
words that end in “ex/ix” change to…..when plural
ices
(ex: apex—>apices)
words that end in “on/um” change to….when plural
a
(ex: ovum—>ova)
words that end in “us” change to….when plural
i
(ex: bronchus—>bronchi)
uni-
one
dipl-
two; double
null-
none
primi-
first
multi-
many
bi-
two
tri-
three
quad-
four
tetra-
four
quint-
five
sext-
six
sept-
seven
oct-
eight
nona-
nine
deca-
ten
semi-
half; partial
hemi-
half; one-sided
ambi-
both
pan-
all; entire
cyan/o
blue
(ex: cyanosis)
leuk/o
white
(ex: leukocyte)
erythr/o
red
(ex: erythrocytes)
cirrh/o
yellow-orange
(ex: cirrhosis)
melan/o
black
(ex: melana)
poli/o
gray
(ex: poliomyelitis)
alb
white
(ex: albino)
chlor/o
green
(ex: chlorophyll)
ab-
away from
(ex: abduction)
ad-
to; toward
(ex: adduction)
de-
down from, away
circum-
around, about
peri-
around
trans-
across, through, beyond
epi-
above, upon, on
supra-
above, over
retro-
behind
sub-
beneath, under
infra-
below, under
para-
near, beside, beyond, apart from
contra-
against, opposite
ecto-
out outside
endo-
within
extra-
outside, in addition
intra-
inside, within
ipsi-
same
anterior (ventral)
front
-front surface of the body/belly side
posterior (dorsal)
back
-the back surface of the body/spinal side
superior
top
(closest to the head)
inferior
bottom
(closest to the feet)
proximal
closest
-closest to the point of attachment
distal
farthest
-farthest from the point of attachment
medial
middle
-closest to the midline
lateral
side
-farthest from the midline
deep
in
-farthest from the surface of the skin
superficial
out
-closest to the surface of the skin
superficial
out
-closest to the surface of the skin
palmar
front region of the hand
(palm of hand)
plantar
bottom of the foot
apex
the tip of a structure
flexion
decreasing the angle of the joint
extension
increasing the angle of the joint
adduction
motion toward the midline
abduction
motion away from the midline
bilateral
a body part that appears on both sides of the midline
(ex: eyes, ears, hands)
quadrants
a way to describe the sections of the abdominal cavity
prone position
body is lying face down
supine position
body is lying faceup
Fowler position
body is placed in a semi-reclining position with the head elevated to help them breathe easier and to control the airway (patient sitting upright)
abdomin/o
abdomen
acou/o
hear
aden/o
gland
adip/o
fat
alb/o
white
alges/o
pain
andr/o
man, male
angi/o
vessel
angin/o
blood vessel
ankyl/o
fused, stiff
anter/o
front
aort/o
aorta
append/o
appendix
arteri/o
artery
arthr/o
joint
asthen/o
weak
atel/o
incomplete
ather/o
fat
atri/o
atrium
audi/o
to hear
aur/o
ear
aut/o
self
bacteri/o
bacteria
bi
life; also two
bil/i
bile
blast/o
germ, bud, developing cell
blephar/o
eyelid
brachi/o
arm
bronch/i
airway, bronchus
bucc/o
cheek
burs/o
pouch or sac
calc/i
calcium
capn/o
carbon dioxide
carcin/o
cancer
cardi/o
heart
carp/o
wrist
cartil/o
cartilage, gristle
caud/o
tail
cec/o
blind intestine, cecum
cel/o
hernia, protrusion
cent/e
to puncture (a body cavity)
cent/i
one-hundredth or 100
cephal/o
head
cerebr/o
brain, cerebrum
cervic/o
neck
chol/e
bile
chondr/o
cartilage
chrom/o
color
chron/o
time