Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EMT class > ch17 (cardiovascular emergencies) > Flashcards

ch17 (cardiovascular emergencies) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

atrium

A

upper chamber; receives incoming blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ventricle

A

lower chamber; pumps outgoing blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

aorta

A

body’s main artery; receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all other arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the right side of the heart…

A

receives deoxygenated blood from the veins of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

after contraction of the right ventricle…

A

blood flows into the pulmonary artery and travels through the pulmonary circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

the left side of the hard receives…

A

oxygenates blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

automaticity

A

allows a cardiac muscle cell to contract spontaneously without stimulus from a nerve cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

part of the brain that controls involuntary actions (heart rate, blood pressure, digestion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

fight or flight
-increases heart rate, respiratory rate and depth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

relaxation (rest and digest)
-slows the heart and respiratory rates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

myocardium

A

heart muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

cardiac output is increased by…

A

increasing heart rate or stroke volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dilation

A

widening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

coronary arteries

A

blood vessels that carry blood and nutrients to the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

aortic valve

A

between left ventricle and aorta that keeps blood from back flowing into the left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

anterior

A

front

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

posterior

A

back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

superior vena cava

A

upper; carries blood from the head and arms back to the right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

inferior vena cava

A

carries blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and legs back to the right atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the superior and inferior vena cavae join at the…

A

right atrium of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the superior and inferior vena cavae join at the…

A

right atrium of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

blood pressure

A

the force of circulating blood against the walls of the arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

systolic blood pressure

A

maximum pressure generated in the arms and legs during the contraction of the left ventricle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

diastolic blood pressure

A

pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries while the left ventricle is at rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

cardiac output

A

heart rate x stroke volume
-the volume of blood that passes through the heart in 1 minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

perfusion

A

constant flow of oxygenated blood to the tissues

26
Q

ischemia

A

decreased blood flow to the myocardium; chest pain or discomfort relating to the heart; lack of oxygen

27
Q

thromboembolism

A

blood clot that is floating through blood vessels until it reaches a narrow space, causing it to stop and block the blood flow at that point

28
Q

acute myocardial infarction (AMI)

A

heart attack; occurs if there’s a blockage in the coronary artery
-pressure pain (elephant sitting on chest)

29
Q

infarction

A

tissue death

30
Q

cardiac arrest

A

heart fails to generate effective blood flow; pulses are not palpable

31
Q

acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

A

a group of symptoms caused by myocardial ischemia
(angina and myocardial infarction)

32
Q

angina pectoris

A

-usually during periods of physical or emotional stress
temporary chest pain due to blockage of blood flow to the heart

33
Q

pain of an AMI:

A
  1. may or may not be caused by exertion
  2. lasts between 30 mins and several hours
  3. may not be relieved by rest or nitroglycerin
34
Q

syncope

A

fainting

35
Q

dysrhythmia

A

abnormal heart rhythm; ventricle fibrillation (VF)

36
Q

tachycardia

A

rapid breathing of the heart; 100 beats/min or more

37
Q

bradycardia

A

unusually slow beating of the heart; 60 beats/min or less

38
Q

ventricular tachycardia

A

rapid heart rhythm; 150 to 200 beats/min
can lead to cardiac arrest

39
Q

ventricular fibrillation

A

disorganized, ineffective quivering of the ventricles; no blood is pumped through the body, a state of cardiac arrest

40
Q

defibrillate

A

to shock the heart with an electric current to stop the chaotic contraction of the myocardial cells and allow them to start again in a synchronized manner

41
Q

asystole

A

absence of all heart electrical activity; most PTs will die

42
Q

cardiogenic shock

A

lack of oxygen to body tissues

43
Q

congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

heart loses some ability to pump blood, usually because of damaged heart muscle; fluid backs up into the lungs

44
Q

dependent edema

A

collection of fluid in the part of the body that is closest to the ground; may indicate underlying heart disease

45
Q

hypertension

A

systolic BP >130 mmHg
diastolic BP >80 mmHg

46
Q

hypertensive emergency

A

systolic pressure greater than 180 mmHg in the presence of organ damage; sign is a severe headache

47
Q

aortic aneurysm

A

weakness in the wall of the aorta; aorta dilates at the weakened area and makes it susceptible to rupture
-feels like a tearing pain

48
Q

dissecting aneurysm

A

occurs when inner layers of the aorta become separated, allowing blood to flow between the layers

49
Q

if a patient is having any difficulty breathing or low oxygen saturation….

A

administer oxygen at 4L/min via a nasal cannula

50
Q

the presence of crackles indicate…

A

fluid in the lungs

51
Q

wet-sounding lungs indicate…

A

fluid is being moved into the lungs from the circulatory system (maybe because of a heart problem)

52
Q

aspirin function

A

prevents new clots from forming or existing clots from getting bigger

53
Q

nitroglycerin function

A

dilates coronary arteries; decrease in blood pressure and severe headache, increases blood flow+oxygen to the heart

54
Q

if systolic blood pressure is less than _______ mmHg do not give nitroglycerin

A

100 mmHg

55
Q

the maximum prescribed dose of nitroglycerin is…

A

three doses

56
Q

artifact

A

ECG tracing with waves that are a result of interference (patient movement)

57
Q

return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

A

return of a pulse and effective blood flow to the body in a patient who previously was in cardiac arrest

57
Q

return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

A

return of a pulse and effective blood flow to the body in a patient who previously was in cardiac arrest

58
Q

atherosclerosis

A

cholesterol and calcium build up inside blood vessel wall leading to partial or complete flow blockage

59
Q

lumen

A

inside diameter of an artery

60
Q

stroke volume

A

volume of blood ejected with each ventricular contraction

61
Q

what are erectile dysfunction medications?

A
  1. levitra (vardenafil)
  2. viagra (sildenafil)
  3. Cialis (tadalafil)

EMT class (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions