ch35 (pediatric emergencies)

Question 1

adolescents

Answer 1

children between 12-18 yrs

Question 2

apparent life-threatening event (ALTE)

Answer 2

event that causes unresponsiveness, cyanosis and apnea in an infant who then resumes breathing with stimulation

Question 3

blanch

Answer 3

to turn white

Question 4

bradypnea

Answer 4

slow respiratory rate (indicated impending respiratory arrest in a child)

Question 5

bronchiolitis

Answer 5

inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occurs in children younger than 2 yrs
-caused by RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)

Question 6

central pulses

Answer 6

pulses closest to the central part of the body where the vital organs are located

Question 7

child abuse

Answer 7

general term applying to all forms of abuse+neglect of children

Question 8

croup

Answer 8

viral inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory system; may cause partial airway obstruction and has a barking cough

Question 9

epiglottitis

Answer 9

bacterial infection in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and enlarged; can cause upper airway obstruction

Question 10

fontanelles

Answer 10

areas where the neonate’s or infant’s skull has not fused together (disappear at 18 months)

Question 11

generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure

Answer 11

seizure that has a rhythmic back and forth motion of an extremity and body stiffness

Question 12

grunting

Answer 12

an “uh” sound heard during exhalation; attempt to keep the alveoli open

Question 13

infancy

Answer 13

first year of life

Question 14

length-based resuscitation tape

Answer 14

tape used to estimate an infant’s or child’s weight on the basis of body length

Question 15

meningitis

Answer 15

inflammation mom the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord; usually because of virus/bacteria

Question 16

nares

Answer 16

the external openings of the nostrils

Question 17

neglect

Answer 17

refusal or failure on the part of the parent/caregiver to provide life necessities

Question 18

Neisseria meningitides

Answer 18

form of bacterial meningitis; often leads to shock and death

Question 19

pediatric assessment triangle (PAT)

Answer 19

tool to rapidly form a general impression of the infant or child without touching them;
-assessing appearance work of breathing
-circulation to the skin

Question 20

pertussis (whooping cough)

Answer 20

airborne bacterial infection; affects children younger than 6 yrs

Question 21

preschool-age

Answer 21

children between 3 and 6 years

Question 22

school age

Answer 22

children between 6 to 12 years

Question 23

shaken baby syndrome

Answer 23

syndrome seen in abused infants and children; shaking injuries inflicted by the abusing individual ideal that may cause coma, seizures, increased intracranial pressure due to tearing of the cerebral veins with consequent bleeding into the brain

Question 23

sniffing position

Answer 23

an upright position in which the patient’s head and chin are thrust slightly forward to keep the airway open

Question 24

sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

Answer 24

death of an infant or young child that remains unexplained after a complete autopsy

Question 25

tachypnea

Answer 25

rapid respirations

Question 26

toddler

Answer 26

a child 1 to 3 years

Question 27

tracheitis

Answer 27

inflammation of the trachea

Question 28

tripod position

Answer 28

upright, leaned forward onto outstretched arms with head and chin thrusted forward

Question 29

work of breathing

Answer 29

indicator of oxygenation and ventilation; compensation for hypoxia