ch27 (soft tissue) Flashcards

1
Q

epidermis

A

external layer; forms a watertight covering for the body

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2
Q

dermis

A

inner layer of the skin

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3
Q

mucous membranes

A

protective barrier against bacterial invasion; secrete a water substance that lubricates the openings

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4
Q

closed injuries

A

soft-tissue damage occurs beneath the skin but the surface of the skin remains intact

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5
Q

open injuries

A

break in the surface of the skin, exposing deeper tissues to potential contamination

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6
Q

burns

A

soft-tissue damage occurs as a result of heat

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7
Q

contusion

A

bruise; bleeding underneath the skin but does not break the skin

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8
Q

crushing injury

A

occurs when significant force is applied to the body; causes tissue damage

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9
Q

crush syndrome

A

area of the body is trapped for longer than 4 hrs and arterial blood flow is compromised; muscle cells die and release harmful substances into surrounding tissues

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10
Q

compartment syndrome

A

swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue

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11
Q

what are the 4 types of open injuries:

A
  1. abrasions
  2. lacerations
  3. avulsions
  4. penetrating wounds
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12
Q

contamination

A

presence of infectious organisms in the wound

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13
Q

abrasion

A

wound of the superficial layer of the skin caused by friction (when a body part scrapes across a rough or hard surface)

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14
Q

laceration

A

deep, jagged cut in the skin

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15
Q

incision

A

sharp, smooth cut

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16
Q

linear

A

regular

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17
Q

stellate

18
Q

avulsion

A

injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap

19
Q

fascia

A

fiber-like connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons and ligaments

20
Q

eation

A

injury in which part of the body is completely severed

21
Q

penetrating wound

A

puncture wound; pierces the skin

22
Q

impaled objects

A

penetrate the skin but remain in place

23
Q

evisceration

A

open wound in the abdominal cavity may expose internal organs

24
Q

how do you treat an evisceration?

A

cover the wound w/ sterile gauze
moisten with sterile saline solution
secure it with an occlusive dressing

25
rabid
infected with rabies
26
thermal burns occur when skin is exposed to temperatures raised higher than...
111F
27
RICES
Rest Ice Compression Elevation Splinting
28
superficial (first-degree) burns
involves only the epidermis; skin turns red
29
partial thickness (second degree) burns
involves epidermis and some portion of the dermis skin is moist, white to red and blisters are present
30
full-thickness (third-degree) burns
extend through all skin layers dry, leathery, appear white, dark, brown or even charred
31
rule of nines
divides the body into sections
32
thermal burn
caused by heat
33
flame burn
deep burn caused by an open flame
34
scald burn
burn caused by hot liquids
35
contact burn
burn caused by contact with a hot object
36
ecchymosis
buildup of blood beneath the skin; blue or black discoloration; result of an injury
37
excited delirium
person exhibits agitated behavior with disorientations, hallucinations, or delusions
38
hematoma
mass of blood that has collected within damaged tissue beneath the skin or in a body cavity
39
occlusive dressing
airtight dressing that protects a wound from air and bacteria
40
flash burn
burn caused by exposure to very intense heat (such as an explosion)
41
steam burn
burn caused by exposure to hot steam