Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EMT class > ch12 (principles of pharmacology) > Flashcards

ch12 (principles of pharmacology) Flashcards

1
Q

pharmacology

A

the study of the properties and effects of medications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

medication

A

a substance used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pharmacodynamics

A

the process by which a medication works on the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

infarction

A

tissue death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

agonist

A

a medication that causes stimulation of receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

antagonist

A

medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications or chemicals from attaching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

antibiotic

A

targets bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

antifungal

A

targets fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

dose

A

the amount of medication that is given based on patient’s age and size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

action

A

the therapeutic effect of medication on the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pharmacokinetics

A

actions of the body upon the medication
(how it’s absorbed, distributed, changed, and eliminated)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

onset of action

A

time from medication administration until clinical effects occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

duration

A

length of time that clinical effects last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

elimination

A

how medications or chemicals are removed from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

peak

A

period when the maximum clinical effect is achieved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

indications

A

reasons or conditions for which a particular medication is given

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

contraindications

A

when a medication would harm the patient or have no positive effect on the patient’s condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

adverse effects

A

any unwanted clinical results of a medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

unintended effects

A

undesirable but pose little risk to the patient
(ex: slight headache)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

untoward effects

A

can be harmful to the patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

generic name

A

original chemical name of a medication
(ex: ibuprofen; no capitalization)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

trade name

A

brand name
(ex: Tylenol; capitalized)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

prescription medications

A

distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to doctor’s orders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

over-the-counter medications (OTC)

A

can be purchased directly without prescription

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

over-the-counter medications (OTC)

A

can be purchased directly without prescription

26
Q

enteral medications

A

enter the body through the digestive system; medications are absorbed SLOWLY

27
Q

antipyretics

A

fever-reducing medications

28
Q

parenteral medications

A

enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract (ex: skin, mucous membranes)
-generally administered using needles

29
Q

absorption

A

the process which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream

30
Q

per rectum (PR)

A

through the rectum

31
Q

oral

A

medication taken by mouth

32
Q

per os (PO)

A

enter the bloodstream through the digestive system; through the mouth

33
Q

intravenous injection (IV)

A

into the vein; fastest way to deliver a chemical substance

34
Q

intraosseous injection (IO)

A

into the bone; used in unconscious patients or children

35
Q

subcutaneous injection

A

under the skin; medications are absorbed slowly this way

36
Q

intramuscular injection (IM)

A

into the muscle; medications are absorbed quickly

37
Q

inhalation

A

medications inhaled into the lungs so they can be absorbed into the bloodstream quickly

38
Q

sublingual (SL)

A

under the tongue; absorbed into the bloodstream within minutes

39
Q

transcutaneous

A

through the skin (ex: nicotine patches)

40
Q

transcutaneous

A

through the skin (ex: nicotine patches)

41
Q

intranasal (IN)

A

liquid medication through the nostril using an MAD; quick absorption

42
Q

mucosal atomizer device (MAD)

A

a specialized device for intranasal medication administration

43
Q

solution

A

liquid mixture of one or more substances that cannot be separated

44
Q

suspension

A

substances that do not dissolve well in liquids

45
Q

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

A

spray canister used to direct substances through the mouth and into the lungs; usually used for patients with a respiratory illness (ex: asthma)

46
Q

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

A

spray canister used to direct substances through the mouth and into the lungs; usually used for patients with a respiratory illness (ex: asthma)

47
Q

topical medications

A

applied to the surface of the skin and only affect that area (ex: lotions, creams, ointments)

48
Q

gel

A

a semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes

49
Q

peer-assisted medication

A

when the EMT administers medication to himself or to a partner

50
Q

patient-assistent medication

A

when the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication

51
Q

EMT-administered medication

A

administration of a medication by the EMT directly to the patient

52
Q

hypoglycemia

A

low blood glucose level; can be caused by an excess of insulin

53
Q

oral glucose

A

counteract the effects of hypoglycemia

54
Q

aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid or ASA)

A

antipyretic (reduces fever), analgesic (reduces pain), and anti-inflammatory that inhibits platelet aggregation

55
Q

nitroglycerin

A

used for patients with cardiac conditions; relaxes the muscular walls of the coronary arteries and veins

56
Q

epinephrine

A

adrenaline; administered intramuscularly
-increases heart rate+blood pressure but also eases breathing

57
Q

oxygen

A

heart and brain cannot function without this

58
Q

polypharmacy

A

the use of multiple medications by one person

59
Q

antiplatelet

A

medications that decrease the ability of blood platelets too aggregate

60
Q

anticoagulant

A

impairs the ability of blood to clot

61
Q

anti platelet and anticoagulant medications are prescribed to patients who…

A

are susceptible to dysfunctional blood clotting conditions

62
Q

medication error

A

inappropriate use of a medication that could lead to patient harm

EMT class (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions