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EMT class > ch19 (GI+urologic emergencies) > Flashcards

ch19 (GI+urologic emergencies) Flashcards

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1
Q

solid organs in the GI system…

A

liver
spleen
pancreas
kidneys
ovaries (in women)

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2
Q

hollow organs in the GI system…

A

gallbladder
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
urinary bladder

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3
Q

peritoneum

A

lines the abdominal cavity; covers the organs of the abdomen

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4
Q

peritonitis

A

irritation of the peritoneum

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5
Q

acute abdomen

A

sudden onset of abdominal pain; usually indicates peritonitis
(immediate medical or surgical treatment needed)

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6
Q

ileus

A

paralysis of the bowel; stops contractions that move material through the intestine

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7
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

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8
Q

diverticulitis

A

inflammation in small pockets at weak areas in the muscle walls of the intestines

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9
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder

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10
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflammation of the gallbladder

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11
Q

referred pain

A

pain felt in an area of the body other than the area where the cause of pain is located

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12
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

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13
Q

melena

A

black, tarry stools containing blood

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14
Q

appendicitis localization of pain

A

right lower quadrant
around. navel

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15
Q

cholecystitis localization of pain

A

right upper quadrant
right shoulder

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16
Q

ulcer localization of pain

A

upper midabdomen
upper back

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17
Q

diverticulitis localization of pain

A

left lower quadrant

18
Q

abdominal aortic dissection localization of pain

A

lower part of back
lower quadrants

19
Q

cystitis localization of pain

A

lower midabdomen

20
Q

kidney infection localization of pain

A

right or left flank
radiating to genitalia

21
Q

pancreatitis localization of pain

A

upper abdomen
back

22
Q

hernia localization of pain

A

anywhere in the abdomen

23
Q

peritonitis localization of pain

A

diffuse abdominal pain area

24
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of the pancreas

25
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation/infection in the appendix; frequent cause of acute abdomen

26
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

when the sphincter between the esophagus and the stomach opens, allowing stomach acid to move up into the esophagus
-acid reflux disease; can cause heartburn (burning in the chest)

27
Q

mallory-weiss tear

A

tear in the junction between the esophagus and stomach; can cause severe bleeding and death

28
Q

gastroenteritis

A

infection combines with diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
(bacterial organisms can cause this)

29
Q

signs+symptoms of diverticulitis

A

bright red blood from lower GI
abdominal pain on left lower side

30
Q

hemorrhoids

A

swelling and inflammation of the blood vessels surrounding the rectum
-bright red blood during defecation

31
Q

cystitis

A

bladder inflammation; common in women

32
Q

urinary tract infection (UTI)

A

infection in the lower urinary tract; occurs when bacteria enters the urethra

33
Q

signs+symptoms of cystitis

A

blood in urine
frequency urination
pressure+pain around the bladder

34
Q

uremia

A

waste product remains in the blood
(kidney failure)

35
Q

kidney stones

A

when chemicals crystallize in the urine (renal calculi)

36
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of an organ or tissue through a hole or abnormal body opening

37
Q

causes of a hernia

A
  1. congenital defect (Around the umbilicus)
  2. surgical wound that didn’t heal
  3. natural weakness in that area
38
Q

strangulation

A

complete obstruction of blood circulation in an organ (because of compression or entrapment)

39
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of a serious hernia problem

A
  1. reducible mass that is no longer reducible
  2. pain at the hernia site
  3. tenderness when the hernia is palpated
  4. red or blue discoloration
40
Q

guarding

A

spasm of the abdominal wall; an effort to protect the inflamed abdomen

EMT class (32 decks)

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