ch22 (toxicology) Flashcards
toxicology
study of toxic/poisonous substances
poison
any substance whose chemical action can damage body structures or impair body function
toxin
a poison or harmful substance
substance abuse
misuse of any substance to produce a desired effect
overdose
when a patient takes a toxic or lethal dose of a substance
ingestion
swallowing
antidote
a substance that will counteract the effects of a poison
how should you treat a patient who inhaled poison?
move them to fresh air and may need supplemental oxygen
material safety data sheet (MSDS)
a form of chemicals containing information about health and safety hazards (safety data sheet, SDS)
tolerance
increasing amounts of a drug to obtain the same effect
addiction
overwhelming obsession or physical need to continue the use of a substance
sedative
substance that decreases activity and excitement
hypnotic
induces sleep
emesis
vomiting
hematesis
vomiting blood
delirium tremens (DTs)
frightening hallucinations; withdrawal syndrome seen in alcoholics
(restlessness, fever, sweating, disorientation, agitations and seizures, can be fatal)
narcotic
drugs that produces sleep or altered mental consciousness
opioid
narcotic medication used to relieve pain
opiate
a subset of the opioid family; natural non synthetic opioids
stimulant
produces an excited state (ex: meth)
hallucinogen
alter’s a person’s sensory perceptions
Signs and symptoms of absorbed poisoning include:
Burns, Itching, Irritation, Redness of the skin
Signs and symptoms of injected poisons include:
weakness, dizziness, fever, chills
activated charcoal
binds to specific toxins and prevents their absorption by the body
