Cephalosporins Flashcards
What kind of properties do cephalosporins have?
Similar as penicillin
Examples of cephalosporins
- Cephalexin
- Cefazolin
- Cefadroxil
- Cephapirin
- Ceftiofur (3rd generation)
*What kind of drug is Convenia (cefovecin)?
Semi-synthetic
Broad spectrum
Two week injectable
*What is Convenia (cefovecin) used for?
- skin issues in dogs and cats
- UTI in cats
*What is Convenia (cefovecin) not effective against?
Pseudomonas
*What type of drug is Cefpodoxime (Simplicef)?
Oral anabiotic
How frequently is Cefpodoxime (Simplicef) administered?
Once a day
*What is Cefpodoxime (Simplicef)used for?
Skin infections
How do cephalosporins control the growth bacteria?
Inhibit the formation of the cell wall in actively growing bacteria
How are cephalosporins absorbed?
- observed well after parenteral and oral administration
- Absorbed slowly in the presence of food
How are cephalosporins distributed in the body?
Distributes well to all tissues except CNS
How are cephalosporins metabolized and eliminated from the body?
Excreted by the kidneys either unchanged or after being metabolized by the liver
What is the spectrum of activity for first generation cephalosporins?
G+ bacteria
What is the spectrum of activity for second generation cephalosporins?
G+ bacteria
Some G- bacteria
*What are cephalosporins ineffective against?
Penicillin resistant bacteria
*What are the precautions for using cephalosporins?
Possible allergic reaction
May cause pain when injected IM
What are the possible allergic reaction’s from cephalosporins?
- Fever
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Facial swelling
- Skin rash
- Shock
What can oral administration of cephalosporins cause?
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Anorexia
*What should you not use cephalosporins with?
Bacteriostatic antibiotics
*When can cephalosporins become potentially toxic to the kidneys?
If overdosed
What should you observe after you are finished administering cephalosporins to animal?
Withdrawal times
