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KINE2031: Human Anatomy > Cardiovascular System Part 4a - Major Arteries > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Part 4a - Major Arteries Flashcards

1
Q

where do arteries carry blood?

A

away from the heart
- whether they are highly oxygenated or not

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2
Q

the systemic arteries (the ones carrying blood away from the heart) are carrying what type of blood?

A

highly oxygenated blood

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3
Q

the pulmonary arteries (the ones carrying blood from the heart to the lungs) are carrying what type of blood?

A

low oxygen level blood

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4
Q

what does the venous system of the body bring?

A

poorly oxygenated blood back from the cells of the body towards the heart

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5
Q

what does the pulmonary veins bring?

A

carries highly oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

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6
Q

what are the three branches from the arch of the aorta?

A
  1. brachiocephalic trunk/artery
  2. left common carotid artery
  3. left subclavian artery
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7
Q

what does the brachiocephalic trunk branch into?

A
  1. right subclavian artery
  2. right common carotid artery
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8
Q

where does the right subclavian artery head to?

A

the right upper limb

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9
Q

where does the right common carotid artery head to?

A

up the right side of the neck

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10
Q

where does the left subclavian artery head to?

A

the left upper limb

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11
Q

where does the left common carotid artery head to?

A

up the left side of the neck

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12
Q

where does the common carotid arteries split?

A

right before the jaw/mandible

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13
Q

what does the common carotid arteries split into?

A

the internal carotid artery and the external carotid artery
- both left and right

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14
Q

where does the internal carotid artery enter?

A

an opening at the base of the skull and enter the cranial cavity (goes inside the skull)

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15
Q

what does the internal carotid artery supply much of the brain with?

A

arterial blood

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16
Q

where does the external carotid artery go?

A

stays external to the skull
- runs right up the side of the face

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17
Q

what does the right external carotid artery branch into?

A
  1. the right maxillary artery
  2. the right superficial temporal artery
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18
Q

where is the right maxillary artery?

A

above the oral cavity, heads towards the maxilla bone

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19
Q

where does the right maxillary artery supply blood?

A

the temporal mandibular joint region and the zygomatic area

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20
Q

what does the right superficial temporal artery supply?

A

much of the scalp

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21
Q

what does your left and right vertebral arteries branch off of?

A

left and right subclavian arteries

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22
Q

where are the left and right vertebral arteries headed towards?

A

the brain

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23
Q

where do the vertebral arteries travel through?

A

the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae
- follows the cervical vertebrae up
- when the spinal cord enters foramen magnum and goes into the skull, the arteries go with it

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24
Q

what does the right and left vertebral arteries supply?

A

the brain with blood

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25
Q

what happens when we have a very long blood vessel?

A

it changes names sometimes so that we can use the terms clinically

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26
Q

where does the right subclavian artery run relative to the clavicle?

A

deep to the clavicle, towards the armpit

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27
Q

where does the right subclavian artery run relative to rib 1?

A

superficial to the first rib

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28
Q

what is the right subclavian artery called once it passes the clavicle and the first rib?

A

right axillary artery

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29
Q

what does axilla mean?

A

armpit

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30
Q

what is the right axillary artery called once is passes the teres major insertion/bicipital groove?

A

right brachial artery

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31
Q

what does the brachial artery branch into?

A

the deep brachial artery

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32
Q

where does the deep brachial artery go?

A

wraps around to the posterior of the arm to dump blood there

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33
Q

when does the right brachial artery branch and change names?

A

after the elbow joint

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34
Q

what does the brachial artery change into after the elbow joint?

A
  1. the right radial artery
  2. the right ulnar artery
35
Q

is the radial artery superficial or deep at the wrist?

A

superficial at the wrist, this is why we can take pulses here

36
Q

what does the radial artery branch into at the wrist?

A

superficial and deep branches

37
Q

what muscle does the ulnar artery pass deep to?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris

38
Q

what does the ulnar artery branch into at the wrist?

A

superficial and deep branches

39
Q

why are the deep and superficial branches of the radial and ulnar arteries important?

A

because the deep branches join together and the superficial branches join together to form the superficial and deep palmar arches

40
Q

what is an anastomos?

A

when we have two or more arteries that join together to supply blood to an area

41
Q

where do we typically see anastomos?

A

in areas that we really have to make sure that we always have blood supply

42
Q

if we have a blockage in the radial artery, what will happen?

A

there is an anastomose, so the ulnar artery will be able to supply it

43
Q

what is the major contributor of the superficial palmar arch?

A

ulnar artery

44
Q

what is the major contributor of the deep palmar arch?

A

radial artery

45
Q

what types of branches of arteries do we have in the thorax and abdomen?

A
  • visceral artery branches
  • parietal/muscular branches
46
Q

what does visceral mean?

A

organs

47
Q

where does visceral branches go?

A

to the organs

48
Q

what do the visceral artery branches of the thorax come off of?

A

the descending thoracic aorta

49
Q

where are the parietal/muscular branches of the thorax going to run?

A

right in the thorax wall
- supplying all the muscle of the wall of the thorax

50
Q

what are the parietal/muscular branches called once they split up?

A

intercostal arteries

51
Q

what does intercostal mean?

A

in between the ribs

52
Q

what is the descending thoracic aorta called once it crosses the diaphragm?

A

the abdominal aorta

53
Q

how far does the abdominal aorta go down?

A

about the level of the L4 vertebrae where it splits

54
Q

what does the abdominal aorta split into?

A
  • left common iliac arteries
  • right common iliac arteries
55
Q

where do the parietal/muscular branches of the abdomen go?

A

out in the back wall of the abdomen, superficially
- just like the thorax

56
Q

what does the parietal/muscular branches of the abdomen supply?

A

gives blood to all of the muscles that are around the outside of the abdomen (abdominal wall)

57
Q

what are the three visceral branches of the abdomen that all come off of the abdominal aorta?

A
  1. celiac trunk
  2. superior mesenteric artery
  3. inferior mesenteric artery
58
Q

what does most of the visceral arteries of the abdomen supply?

A

mostly gastrointestinal organs because those are mostly the organs in the abdomen area

59
Q

where does the abdominal aorta turn into the celiac trunk?

A

after passing the top of the large intestine

60
Q

where does the celiac trunk turn into the superior mesenteric artery?

A

not far below the pancreas

61
Q

what does the superior mesenteric artery turn into?

A

the interior mesenteric artery at about L1 - L2

62
Q

what is going to supply blood to the organs/viscera of the abdomen? (pancreas, small and large intestine, etc.)

A

the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery and all of their branches

63
Q

what does the left and right common iliac arteries split into?

A
  • internal iliac arteries
  • external iliac arteries
64
Q

what does the internal iliac arteries supply?

A

organs in the floor of pelvis
(bladder, reproductive organs, etc.)

65
Q

where does the external iliac arteries head?

A

out of the pelvis, towards the lower limb

66
Q

what big ligament of the pelvis does the external iliac arteries un under towards the lower limb?

A

the inguinal ligament

67
Q

what is the inguinal ligament?

A

a piece of connective tissue that runs from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle

68
Q

what does the external iliac arteries change names to after it passes the inguinal ligament?

A

the femoral arteries

69
Q

where does the right femoral artery run?

A

runs medial through the thigh

70
Q

what branches out of the femoral arteries superiorly?

A

the deep artery of the thigh / deep femoral artery

71
Q

where does the deep femoral artery run?

A

posteriorly and gives branches to supply the posterior of the thigh

72
Q

what artery runs through the opening of the adductor magnus muscle?

A

the femoral artery

73
Q

where does the femoral artery go after going through the adductor magnus muscle?

A

cross right behind the knee

74
Q

what does the name of the femoral artery change to when it gets behind the knee?

A

the popliteal artery - branches to supply the knee with arterial blood

75
Q

what does the name of the popliteal artery change to once it passes the popliteus muscle?

A

splits to give us:
- anterior tibial artery
- posterior tibial artery

76
Q

what does the anterior tibial artery pass through as soon as it becomes the anterior tibial artery?

A

a little opening above the interosseus membrane between the tibia and fibula
- this is so it goes to the front after being posterior (popliteal artery)

77
Q

where does the posterior tibial artery run?

A

posteriorly along the back of the leg

78
Q

what does the anterior tibial artery turn into when it passes the ankle?

A

the dorsalis pedis artery which then branches into the superior and dorsal of the foot

79
Q

where does the posterior tibial artery run?

A

deep to the soleus muscle

80
Q

what branch does the posterior tibial artery give pretty superiorly?

A

the fibular/peroneal artery

81
Q

what artery supplies the lateral leg?

A

the fibular/peroneal artery

82
Q

what does the posterior tibial artery divide into when it passes the ankle?

A
  • medial plantar arteries
  • lateral plantar arteries
83
Q

what does the medial and lateral plantar arteries supply?

A

the plantar surface of the foot
- also branches to the toes and bottom of the foot

84
Q
A

KINE2031: Human Anatomy (34 decks)

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