Cardio Review 1 Flashcards
Response to volume overload in the heart
Eccentric hypertophy
Response to pressure overload in the heart
Concentric hypertrophy
What is the most common congenital defect in dogs?
PDA
Which direction does blood flow in a PDA?
L to R (aorta to PA)
What type of hypertrophy occurs with PDA and on which side of the heart?
L eccentric (volume)
What is the only heart disease that causes a continuous murmur?
PDA
How do you treat a PDA?
Transcatheter occlusion
Why can you not fix a reverse PDA?
Closing the shunt would increase PA pressure too much
What congenital defect may not be present at birth?
Aortic stenosis
What type of breeds is aortic stenosis more commonly seen in?
Lg/giant breeds (GR, GSD, Rottie, Newfoundland, Boxer)
What congenital heart defect can cause sudden death d/t ventricular arrhytmia?
Aortic stenosis
What type of CHF signs will you see with aortic stenosis?
L-CHF
What type of CHF signs will you see with pulmonic stenosis?
R-CHF
What type of hypertrophy occurs with aortic stenosis and which side of the heart is affected?
L concentric (pressure)
What type of hypertrophy occurs w/pulmonic stenosis and which side of the heart is affected?
R concentric (pressure)
RV must generate increased pressure in order to maintain CO with this disease
Pulmonic stenosis
How can you diagnose aortic stenosis on radiographs?
Prominent ascending aorta
How do you treat aortic stenosis?
Atenolol may decrease chance of ventricular arrhythmias but no curative tx
How do you treat pulmonic stenosis?
Balloon valvulplasty (palliative)
What is the goal of pulmonic stenosis treatment?
Decrease pressure gradient by 50%
Which pulmonic stenosis candidates are eligible for balloon valvuloplasty?
PG > 80
What is the most common congenital defect in cats (and cows)?
VSD
What type of hypertrophy is seen with VSD and which side of the heart is affected?
L eccentric (volume)
Causes a R systolic parasternal murmur
VSD
The smaller the VSD, the _____ the murmur
Louder
How do you treat VSD?
ACE inhibiors or open heart sx
What is the most common cause of cyanotic cardiac disease?
Tetralogy of fallot
What are the components of tetralogy of fallot?
PS, RV hypertrophy, VSD, overriding aorta
How do you treat tetralogy of fallot?
Partial balloon valvuloplasty, propanolol, open heart sx
Where will you a hear an aortic stenosis murmur?
Systolic L base
Where will you hear a pulmonic stenosis murmur?
Systolic R base
