cardio-respiratory and vasuclar systems: respiratory system Flashcards

1
Q

label the respiratory stystem

A
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2
Q

define inspiration

A

breathing in

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3
Q

define expiration

A

breathing out

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4
Q

define alveoli

A

tiny air sacs in the lungs that allow gaseous exchange

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5
Q

define gas exchange

A

the process of diffusion of gas from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

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6
Q

define haemoglobin

A

red pigment that is attracted to oxygen in a red blood cell

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7
Q

describe how gas exchange takes place

A
  • the concentration of oxygen ishigher in the alveoli compared to the blood in passing capillaries
  • oxygen moves from a high concentration to a low concentration down a conentration gradient
  • and enters the bloodstream, attaching to haemoglobin in the red blood cells to form oxyghaemoglobin
  • the oxyghaemoglobin travels to the heart and is pumped around the body.
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8
Q

explain how the alveoli are adaped for gas exchange

A
  • large in number allowing a large surface for diffusion
  • the alveoli walls are one cell thick allowing gas exchange to take place
  • capillaries provide a constant blood supply for diffusion
  • the capillaries touch the alveoli walls, allowing a short diffusion pathway
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