Cardio heart failure Flashcards
Intention tremor from where?
cerebellar hemisphere (think it coordinates)
Bacteria in burn victims? NEED TO KNOW!
Psuedomonas!
Systolic failure caused by?
Decreased contract Increased preload Increased after load Heart rate abnormalities High output conditions
Diastolic disfunction is from what?
LVH: stiff and noncompliant
S4 heart sound is with it from atrial kick
S3 is what?
Going into dilated ventricles
Pulmonary cephalization?
Pulmonary congestion forcing blood up high (normal no blood goes up there)
Common causes of L heart failure?
Infarct, HTN
What does BNP do?
vasodilates and more sodium and water excretion
Drugs that reduce mortality in CHF? also reduce hospitilization
KNOW THIS
ACE
Beta blockers
Aldosterone antagonists (spirono or eplerenone)
beta blockers that decrease mortality in chf?
Backed cardiac muscle!
Bisoprolol, carvedilol, Metoprolol extended release
Chornic CHF management?
Loop diuretic.
ACE inhibitosrs to decrease preload and after load
Beta blockers: bisoprolol, carvedilol, extended release metoprolol, spironolactone
digoxin to improve symptom
Less salt
Biventricular pacing may help
Beta blockers use in CHF?
NOT IF DECOMPENSATED. But otherwise prevents remodeling and longer life!
Tx of acute pulmonary edema in CHF? mnemonic
NO LIP!
Nitrate (blood into vascularuture)
Oxygen
Loop diuretics (ESPECIALLY TEST) on volume overload Inotropic drugs (dobutamine) Positioning: sit up
Biventricular pace maker helps reduce mortality if what?
less than 35% ejection fraction
Drugs in chronic CHF that don’t decrease mortality?
loops and digoxin
Systolic ejection vs systolic regurg sounds?
Systolic ejection is delayed b/c iso contraction and crescend decrescend
REgurg is holosystolic and no delay b/c shit is going through immediately
Early diastolic murmur is what?
IT MUST BE from regurg of stuff that just closed. So aortic or pulmonic
Late diastolic murmur?
From stenosis of mitral or tricuspid
Most common cause of aortic stenosis?
Bicuspid and starts around age 40
Rheumatic heart
Senile calcification around age 60 or later
Tertiary syphilis from treebarking of aorta
Aortic stenosis symptoms?
Angina
Dyspnea (CHF)
Syncope
NEED NEW VALVE when symptomatic
Aortic stenosis sound?
Valsalva decreases sound.
Late crescendo decrescendo
Mitral regurg causes?
MVP Rheumatic heart disease Papillary muscle Endocarditis LVH
Aortic regurg causes
tertiary syph, endocarditis,
Bounding pulses, Quincke sign?
Capillary pulsations from aortic regard
