Cardio 1

Question 1

Artery most affected in MI? What is EKG Findings?

Part of heart affected?

Answer 1

LAD V2, 3 and 4

Anterior heart and septum (V1 V2 V3)

Question 2

Circumflex artery MI has changes in what?

Answer 2

Lateral leads. I, aVL and V5 and V6

Question 3

RCA goes to PDA (in right dominant heart 70% of people). Infarct of that shows what EKG finding?

Answer 3

Inferior wall. II, III and aVF

Question 4

PDA can come off of what?

Answer 4

10% is off circumflex, 20% is codominant

Question 5

A C and V wave?

Answer 5

Atrial kick. triCuspid closing and V is right before systoly

Question 6

Fick principle?

Answer 6

CO=SVXHR

CO= rate O2 use/Arterial O2-Venous O2

Rate O2 use is comparing O2 inhaled to exhaled

Question 7

exercise increase output how?

Answer 7

first is SV is up, then increased heart rate

Question 8

MAP is what? KNOW BOTH EQUATIONS!

Answer 8

MAP=CO X TPR

= 2/3 diastole + 1/3 systole

Question 9

PR interval greater than normal is what?

Answer 9

Type 1 block

Greater than .2 seconds

Question 10

U wave is what?

Answer 10

Visible with hypokalemia

Question 11

Do stress test when patient is symptomatic

What is a positive test?

Answer 11

No need to do it before symptomatic

When ST depression

Question 12

Follow up for ST changes or angina in exercise stress test?

Answer 12

Coronary agniogram

Question 13

Bipolar patient on mood stabilizer has depression. What do you add?

Answer 13

Atypical antipsychotic

Question 14

Screening of lipids starts wheN?

Answer 14

Men 35, women 45

Question 15

Statins for who?

Answer 15

Clinical cardiovascular issue means high or moderate statins
(risuvostatin or atorvostatin)

LDL >190

DM age 40-75 need low to moderate UNLESS 10 year risk is 7.5% or higher then need high intensity

Question 16

Statin 2 side effects? What do you order?

Answer 16

hepatotoxic and muscle injury

Order ck if muscle pain. No need to routine lft checks

Question 17

Ezetimibe mechanism and side effect?

Answer 17

Brush border inhibition, so not absorbed. Myalgia and LFTs

Lowers LDL. Used if statins not tolerated

Question 18

Fibrates does what?

Answer 18

Lowers triglycerides

Risk of pancreatitis. They reduce VLDL

Myositis and LFT elevation

VERY CAREFUL WHEN MIXING WITHS TATIN

Question 19

Bile acid resins are what and do what?

Answer 19

Reduce LDL and are colestipol, colesevelam, cholestyramine…

GI SIDE EFFECTS BIG TIME!!!

Cholestyramine can bind C diff toxin

Question 20

Niacin does what? Side effect? How do you reduce it?

Answer 20

Raises HDL

Side effect of flushing!!!! Reduce with NSAID

Question 21

Best affect on Triglyceride?

Answer 21

Fibrates (REMEMBER CAREFUL WITH STATINS)

Question 22

What do you check before statins?

Answer 22

LFTs