Acid Base

Question 1

Severe rebound HTN is with what med?

Answer 1

Clonidine

Question 2

Diuretic ;ffect on acid base?

Answer 2

Met alk, b/c lose water, but not bicarb b/c its reabsorbed

Question 3

hyperaldosteronism triad?

Answer 3

HTN, hypokalemia and met alkalosis

Question 4

Normal anion gap?

Answer 4

8-12

Question 5

Anion gap met acidosis?

Answer 5

MUDPILES

Methanol
Uremia
DKA or Drunk
Propylene glycol, Paraldehyde
Isoniazid or Iron
Lactic
Ethylene glycol
Salicylates

Question 6

Salicylate affect of acid base?

Answer 6

Hyperventilation early on for resp alk

then lactic acidosis b/c uncoupling. SO MIXED

Question 7

Normal anion gap met acidosis?

Answer 7

Diarrhea, RTA, TPN, hypoaldosteronism

Question 8

Type 1 RTA causes what urine pH?

Answer 8

Type 1 for 1 proton
high pH b/c no H+ is secreted

Possible kidney stones

tx with bicarb and potassium and loops

Question 9

Type 2 RTA is caused by what? What type of other problems associated with it??

Answer 9

2 is BIcarb (BI for 2) reabsorption

So urine pH is low-ish b/c enough protons get out

Bone lesions

tx sith potassium and bicarb and diuretic

Question 10

Type 4 RTA is what?

Answer 10

Aldosterone deficiency

High POTASSIUM, so restrict it
Tx is K+ restrictionand fludricortisone

it is the only RTA that is causing high potassium (the rest are low b/c issues where shit is reabsorbed) WHICH IS IMPORTANT FOR TREATMENT