Biology Cell Energy Unit Flashcards
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What do living things have to be able to obtain?
Energy
What is essential to life?
Energy
What carries out all the processes of life?
Energy
What is the energy source of a cell?
Food ➡ Glucose ➡ ATP
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
Organism uses energy from the sun or makes their own nutrients
Autotroph
What are examples of autotroph?
Plant, bacteria, some protists
Organism can not make its own nutrients and feeds off of other organisms
Heterotroph
What are examples of heterotrophs?
Humans, animals, some bacteria, fungus
Process which autotrophs capture energy from sunlight with chlorophyll and use energy to covert CO2 and water into simple sugar
Photosynthesis
Process by which mitochondria break down food and molecules
Cellular respiration
CO2+H2O ➡ Sunlight ➡ C6H12O6+O2 (glucose)
Photosynthesis equation
Where does photosynthesis take place?
Chloroplast
C6H12O6+O2 ➡ CO2+H2O
Cellular respiration equation
Where does cellular respiration occur?
Mitochondria
What is a acid indicator?
BTB
What does carbon and water make?
Carbon acid
What does blue represent in BTB?
No acid is present
What does yellow represent in BTB?
Acid is extremely high and thick
ADP+P equals
ATP (energy from glucose)
Organic catalyst that manage and control metabolic reactions
Enzymes
Where are enzymes?
All over the place
Substance that help chemical reactions to occur by speeding it up or lowering activation energy
Catalyst
What are the characteristics of enzymes?
- Usually protein
- Reusable
- Have specific configuration that accomodates a specific reaction
- Function in specific conditions; examples- temperature, pH, etc
- Have an “active site”
Where does the Light Dependent Reactions occur?
Thylakoid membrane
What goes in Light Dependent Reactions?
Sunlight, H2O (APD+P, NADP+)
What comes out of the Light Dependent Reactions?
O2 (ATP, NADPH)
Where does the Calvin Cycle take place?
Stroma
What goes in the Calvin Cycle?
CO2 (ATP, NADPH)
What comes out of the Calvin Cycle?
Glucose
What are the two stages of photosynthesis?
Light Dependent Reactions
Calvin Cycle
Where does Total Energy Production take place?
Cellular respiration
What are the three stages of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle, Electron Transport Chain
Where does glycolysis occur?
Cytoplasm
Where does the Kreb’s Cycle occur?
Matrix
Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur?
Inner membrane
What goes in glycolysis?
Glucose and 2 ATP
What goes in Kreb’s Cycle?
2 pyruvates
What goes in Electron Transport Chain?
e-, oxygen
What comes out of glycolysis?
2 ATP; CO2, -e, 2 pyruvate
What comes out of Kreb’s Cycle?
CO2, 2 ATP, -e
What comes out of Electron Transport Chain?
32 ATP, H2O
