AP US History Unit 3 MCQs Flashcards
The Republican Party
B. was primarily a sectional party.
- Sectionalism is when the needs or desires of individual parts become more important than the well-being of the greater whole
- Grew out of conflicts regarding the expansion or SPREAD of slavery
- Stimulated from the Kansas-Nebraska Act where that law unified abolitionists and split the Democrats and Whigs
- Act repealed other compromises that had excluded slavery from the territories angering the those who opposed slavery
- Anti-slavery protest meetings were formed which abolitionists Free Soilers, Democrats, and Whigs attended
- Meetings led to the formation of the Republican Party in 1854
- Shows that Republicans were unwilling follow through the Kansas-Nebraska Act leading to the formation of “anti-slavery party” that fit their desires
The Republican Party platform in 1860
C. presented a moderate position on slavery.
- Pledged for the non expansion of slavery (wanted Congress to take measures to prevent it)
- Thought that by confining slavery within its present boundaries, it would lead to its eventual road of extinction
- Rejected a more radical stand such as upholding slavery within the South and the support of an amendment that guarantees against congressional interference in slave states
- Separated from abolitionists who wanted to quicker, immediate end to slavery
Individuals who opposed the expansion of slavery into the territories because they feared its effect of the labor system were known as
D. Free Soilers
- Minor party that began in the pre-Civil War period because they feared of expanding slave power
- Slogan: “Free soil, free speech, free labor, free men”
- Fear that black labor would hinder free white labor (competition) which they believed were critical in the Democratic Republic due to demands of production in industry and agriculture
- Believed that slavery was an inferior labor system, morally and economically therefore, they thought that slavery should be contained and not expand westward
- Believed that the government could not end slavery where it existed but could restrict the spread
- No desire to provide African Americans with with equal political, economic, or social rights
Which one of the following does not apply to Lincoln’s initial policy toward the confederacy?
E. the deployment of troops along the “border states” to demonstrates a Union resolve to fight
- After the attack on Fort Sumpter, Lincoln called for troops from border states
- Were torn between cultural ties with the South and Unionism with the North
Which of the following was NOT a provision of the Confederate Constitution?
D. a strong central government
- Confederate Constitution was the supreme law drafted by the Confederate states after they succeeded from the Union
- Emphasized the constitutionality of slavery and asserted states’ rights
- Preamble declares that states would act “in its sovereign and independent character” in the first line
- Had a federal government, but was regarded or controlled under “state power”
- Deleted references of collective interests from the Constitution
In the beginning, the Civil War was
B. a struggle to preserve the Union.
- Dispute between the North and the South about whether slavery should spread or be confined within its territories due to the struggle for power
- Lincoln won the election of 1860 causing the South to split from the Union since they feared for the future of slavery and their political influence
- Lincoln’s defined the war as to preserve the Union trying to get the Confederate states to rejoin the Union
- Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation later distinguished the war as a struggle to end slavery since it freed slaves in areas under the Confederates’ control
Which of the following states was NOT part of the Confederacy?
A. Missouri
- Border state along with Delaware, Kentucky, and Maryland
- Prior to the war, the state was divided between pro-slavery secessionists and those determined to preserve the nation
- Claimed by Union and Confederacy
- Has both stars, flags, and separate government
- Sent armies, generals, and supplies to both sides
- Endured a neighbor-to-neighbor interstate war during the civil war
The chart labeled “Resources of the Union and the Confederacy, 1861” could suggest all of the following statements as true EXCEPT
E. All of the above statements are true.
Which of the following was NOT a Northern advantage throughout the war?
C. familiar terrain and public support
-Population of the North was greater than the population of the South which means that the number of free states was greater than the number of slave states
-North was wealthy because of industrialization
-Have more guns and bullets to manufacture
-Controlled 85% of the nation’s industry
-Move troops better since they had the majority of the country’s railroad lines
-Battles were mostly in the Southern or Border states so they were unfamiliar with the territories
-
To secure the necessary troops for the war,
D. A and B
-Many soldiers on each side were leaving and deserting the armies to return back to their homes
due to hard times
-Nearly 60% of the South’s manpower never served in the army
-South’s legislature passed a conscription act requiring all white men from 18 to
35 (later extended to 45 after the loss of Antietam) to serve three years in the army
-The North also passed a conscription act but theirs were less strict because they allowed other options
-The North required service from all men through the ages of 20 to 45 but they could avoid service by
hiring a substitute or by paying the government $300
-Most “replacement” soldiers were Irish
immigrants
Lincoln and Davis learned early in the Civil War that
A. successful conduct of the war required active, executive, leadership.
-Realizes the war was not about gaining territory but about victories
-Had to be active and participating to
win
-Had to put down laws and being able to lead people the right way
-To be a successful leader, you have to have successful qualities to lead people the right way to
victory
The Emancipation Proclamation freed
D. only slaves in the military occupation zones of the Union army.
-President Lincoln could see that slaves often fled to the Union Army when presented the
opportunity
-Slaves realized that many times, joining the Army meant permanently escaping slavery
because military commanders often refused to return escaped slaves to their owners
-Lincoln passed First Confiscation Act in 1861
-Did not free slaves because he did not want to cause border states to secede
-Union was experiencing early defeats and wanted to strike a blow against Confederacy and
their slavery
-Lincoln passed Second Confiscation Act in 1862
freeing slaves in Union lines and Union army
Confederate leaders were confident of British recognition, because
B. British textile mills were so dependent on Southern cotton.
- Britain needed the cotton from the South
- Thought that the British would be in favor of the split between the North and the South
- North and Britain were experiencing tensions because of the Trent Affair where two Confederate diplomats sneaked aboard a British merchant ship to gain support for the Confederacy
- Confederacy was wrong because the British already had plenty of cotton by the beginning of the war
- Emancipation Proclamation won the sympathy of the British for the North
A minimal Reconstruction policy was favored by
E. President Lincoln
- Tension between Lincoln and Congress
- Wanted to restoring the Union quickly by not offering protection of slaves beyond prohibition
- Issued a Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction offering a full pardon of Southerners who would take an oath of allegiance to the Union
- Ten Percent Plan was a quick way to readmit Southern states to the Union
- After 10 percent of the voting population took the oath, they can set up a loyal government and abolishing slavery
Which of the following groups was disappointed by the Fifteenth Amendment
B. Feminists
- Women’s suffrage increased after the Civil War
- Initially focused on changes in women’s social, legal, and educational status
- Amendment did not allow the women to vote
- Believed that women should be able to vote and have a say in the presidential election
- Only gave black men rights rather than declaring universal suffrage
- Led to the divide of women’s movement of whether to support the Fifteenth Amendment or not
- National Woman Suffrage Association opposed the Fifteenth Amendment, but called for a Sixteenth Amendment that would give women their rights as citizen’s of the United States
- American Women Suffrage Movement supported the 15th Amendment and women’s suffrage
