AP US History Semester I Key Terms Flashcards
Movement of Native Americans into North and South America, perhaps starting around 20,000 years ago
pre-Columbian Migration
Land and ice mass that connecting Alaska to Russia during the last Ice Age
Bering Strait
Huge mammals that pre-Columbian Americans followed to North America
Megafauna
Landed on an island in the Caribbean Sea, making North and South America popularly known to Europeans
Christopher Columbus
The transmittal of plants, animals, humans and diseases from the Old World to the New World
Columbian Exchange
Split North and South America and other newly discovered lands in half, east of the line created by the pope would belong to Portugal, west of the line would belong to Spain. It was an attempt stop Catholic nations from fighting other Catholic nations during the Protestant Reformation
Treaty of Tordesillas
Europeans who brutally killed, raped, and pillaged the Aztec, Inca, and other Native American tribes for European exploitation and enrichment
Conquistadores
A mythical sea passage above North America linking the Atlantic to the Pacific
Northwest Passage
French city founded on the St. Lawrence river in the early 1600s
Quebec
First successful English colony in America
Jamestown
Early leader of the Jamestown colony that enabled it to survive the Starving Time where the colony was nearly wiped out
John Smith
Brought illegal, Spanish tobacco seeds to Jamestown, creating a cash crop and ensuring its survival
John Rolfe
Forced laborers who first arrived in Jamestown in 1619
Slaves
Europeans who traded their labor for a number of years in exchange for paid passage to North America
Indentured Servants
First official governing legislature in English held Colonial America, founded in 1619
Virginia House of Burgesses
Religious group who sought to purify the Church of England of all of its “Catholic” aspects and make it closer to their view of Jesus’ message. Driven out of Europe and settled in North America in the early 1600s
Puritans
First colony in New England founded by Puritans seeking religious freedom
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Document specifically explaining that government in the Puritan Colonies would be representative of the people
Mayflower Compact
Disagreed with some aspects of Puritanical theology and created his own colony which he named Rhode Island, which he bought from Native Americans
Roger Williams
Religious dissenter in Puritan America who said that all that was needed to be saved was extreme faith in God. She was expelled from Massachusetts
Anne Hutchinson
A sermon written by John Winthrop explaining how Puritan America would be a beacon of faith and religiosity that Europe would look at as an example of a Christian Utopia
City Upon A Hill
Mass hysteria resulting in the killing of dozens of young women accused convening with the devil
Salem Witch Trials
Political and military turmoil in England that leads to a Puritan take-over of the English government; as a result, very few Puritan migrate to America during this decade
Glorious Revolution
Held the title of Lord Baltimore, created Maryland as a haven from Catholics feeling religious persecution in England
Cecelius Calvert