Atomic Structure: Recap + Key Terms

Question 1

What is the term to describe protons + Nuetrons together?

Answer 1

= nucleons.

Question 2

Where are the electrons found?

Answer 2

= energy shells.

Question 3

What does the atom mostly consist of?

Answer 3

= Empty space.

Question 3

What is the radius of an atom?

Answer 3

= 1 x 10^-10

Question 3

What is the radius of a nuclues?

Answer 3

= 1 x 10^-14

Question 4

What is the relative mass and charge of neutrons, electrons and protons?

Answer 4

Electrons: -1 and 5x10^-4
Nuetrons: 0 and 1
Proton: +1 and 1

Question 5

What did Dalton think the atom was?

Answer 5

= had a spherical structure
= no further evalutation.

Question 6

What did JJ Thompson believe? (Plum pudding model).

Answer 6

= Atom ball of positive charge
= negative electrons embedded into it.

Question 7

What did Rutherford disover?

Answer 7

• Atom consist of empty space
  = Mass is concentrated in a positivley charged nucleus

Question 8

What did Niels Bohr discover?

Answer 8

= Electrons orbit nuclues at specific distance rather than a general area- shells or energy levels
= positive charge in nuclues is due to protons
= Proposed electrons could jump between shells
= Quauntum theory: electrons could occupy certain shells.

Question 9

What did James Chadwick discover?

Answer 9

= Discovered nuetrons in the nucleus
= Atom have no overall charge- electrons = protons
=

Question 10

What are the uses of these models?

Answer 10

= all models have LIMITATIONS
= BUT useful for describing chemical properties + Structures

Question 11

Why is dalton’s model usefull?

Answer 11

= crystallise structures

Question 12

Is Thompson and Rutherfords model used?

Answer 12

= No.

Question 13

Why is Bohrs model used?

Answer 13

= represents ionic + covalent bonding- simple

Question 14

Why is the charge cloud model used?

Answer 14

= sophisticated representation of bonding
= shapes of molecules.