Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SN Physiology Final > 8.1 > Flashcards

8.1 Flashcards

1
Q

how many neurons in the body?

A

10^12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

neuron structure

A

body
dendrites
axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

action of myelin

A

lipid insulator
increases membrane resistance
force current to flow along the axon interior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are Nodes Of Ranvier?

A

small breaks every 1-2 mm

saltatory conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Aa fiber conduction velocity

A

70-12 m/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ab fiber conduction velocity

A

30-70 m/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A delta fiber conduction velocity

A

5-30 m/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

C fiber conduction velocity

A

0.5-2.5 m/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which fiber is madiator for pain?

A

A delta

also C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

whar are the 3 ways of coding information in the NS?

A
  1. labeled line (like the fibers carring info about vision)
  2. spatial map (2 neighboring points on the skin)
  3. temporal pattern (timing of AP)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

we do summation of

A

EPSP

IPSP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the depolarize rannge of EPSP?

A

1-5 mV

lasts for ms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Most common NT of EPSP?

A

Glu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 R for Glu?

A

Ionotropic (AMPA,NMDA)

Metabotropic (mGluR 1-8)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe AMPA R

A

Permeable for univalent cations
Na+ influx
Can lead to Depol.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe NMDA R

A 
Permeable for univalent cations and Ca++
Na+ and Ca++ influx 
Depol. must have already happen in order for them to open
stronger response
(Long Term Potentiation)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe Metabotropic (mGluR 1-8)

A

all Gi

except 1 and 5 which are Gq

18
Q

most frequent NT for IPSP

A

GABA

19
Q

R types for GABA?

A

GABA A

GABA B

20
Q

Describe GABA A Receptor

A

pentameric ligand gated Cl- channel

21
Q

Describe GABA B Receptor

A

Gi coupled
they open inward rectifying K+ channels (Kir)
create slower Hyperpolarization

22
Q

2 ways for summation of PostSynaptic Summation

A

Temporal

Spatial

23
Q

describe Temporal summation

A

amount of time btw. the PSP’s
we need them to be close in order to sum them
A+A (after some time)

24
Q

describe Spatial summation

A

summation of PSP’s from different input at the same time

A+B

25
Q

AP frequency is directly proportional to

A

the summed PSP Amplitude

26
Q

what is non-adapting neuron?

A

quickly depolarize and repolarize

can maintain high frwquency of AP

27
Q

what is adapting neuron?

A

also havs slowly-activating voltage gated K+ channels

it provides resistance to depolarization

28
Q

what is rythmic bursting neuron?

A

have voltage gated Ca++ channels

and Ca++ activated K+ channels (hyperpolarization of the cell)

29
Q

what is burst neuron?

A

in thalamus neurons

EPSP leads to T-Type channel opening

30
Q

what is synaptic placticity?

A

tha ability of synaps to change their strength

31
Q

describe what is potential?

A

difference in charge btw outside and inside

32
Q

how does Long Term Potentiation can increase synaptic strength?

A

high frequency stimulation -> AMPA-R activity -> depol -> NMDA-R activity -> [Ca++] high -> CAM-Kinase -> AMPA-R phosphorylation and more activation

33
Q

how many Glial cells?

A

x10 more than neurons

34
Q

different types of Astrocytes?

A 
fibrous
protoplasmic
radial glial
Muller
Bergmann (cerebellum)
35
Q

function of astrocytes?

A
  1. provide fuel
  2. rgulate [K+]
  3. regulatr pH of EC fluid
  4. take up Glu
  5. modulate cerebral blood flow
36
Q

describe how astrocytes provide fuel for neurons?

A

release lactate through MCT-1
neuron use MCT-2 to bring lactate inside
convert it back to pyruvate

37
Q

why is it possible to have K+ channels for influx in the astrocytes?

A

astrocytes have very negative membrane potential

so K+ wants to travel inside

38
Q

describe how astrocytes modulate cerebral blood flow?

A

Glu activates mGluR-1 or mGluR-5 -> Gq -> Ca++ up -> PGE2 and NO release -> vasodilation -> more blood flow to the active neurons

39
Q

what makes Myelin and where

A

Oligodendrocytes- CNS

Schwann cells- PNS

40
Q

what are the macrophages of the CNS

A

Microglial cells

41
Q

which cells produce the CSF?

A

Ependymal cells

SN Physiology Final (59 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions