Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy And Physiology 1 > 7B > Flashcards

7B Flashcards

1
Q

Cerebral hemispheres

A

Left and right superior parts of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which include more than half of the brain mass?

A

Central hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Brain regions

A

Hemispheres
Diencephalon
Brain stem
Cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Surface of hemispheres made of

A

Fissures
Gyri
Sulci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are lobes named after?

A

Cranial bones that lie over them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Gyri

A

Ridges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sulci

A

Grooves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fissures

A

Deeper grooves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Regions of cerebral hemisphere

A

Cortex
White matter
Basal nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Basal nuclei

A

Deep pockets of grey matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cortex

A

Superficial grey matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of cortex

A
  1. Find and interpret sensory inputs
  2. Control voluntary and skilled muscle activity
  3. Intellectual and emotional processing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Basal nuclei function

A

Subcortical motor

Helps Control skeletal muscle movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Parts in diencephalon region

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Limbic system (epithalamus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Thalamus

A

1.Sensory info to cerebral cortex

2.Communicates cerebral motor cortex and lower motor center

3.Memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hypothalamus

A
  1. Integration of autonomic nervous system
  2. Regulates temp, food intake, water balance and thirst
  3. Pituitary gland output
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What makes ADH and oxytocin

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Limbic system

A

1.Functional
2. Has cerebral and diencephalon structures (hypothalamus and anterior thalamic nuclei)

  1. Mediated emotional responses and memory processing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Parts of brain stem region

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Reticular formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Midbrain

A
  1. Visual and auditory reflexes
  2. Subcortical motor centers
  3. Nuclei for cranial nerves 3&4
  4. Projection fibers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pons

A

1.Communicates cerebrum to cerebellum
2. Respiratory rate and depth (works w/ medullary centers)
3. Cranial nerves of bones 5-7
4. Projection fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Medulla oblongata

A

1.Ascending sensory pathway impulses from skin and proprioceptors

  1. Heart rate, blood vessel diameter, resp rate, vomiting
    3.sensory info to cerebellum
  2. Nuclei of cranial nerves 8-12; projection fibers
  3. Site of crossover pyramids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Reticular formation

A
  1. Functional system
  2. Cortical alertness
  3. Filters out repetitive stimuli
  4. Regulate skeletal and visceral muscle activity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cerebellum

A

1.processes info from cerebral motor cortex

  1. Smooth skeletal muscle movements.Coordinates cerebral motor cortex and subcortical motor centers
  2. Balance and posture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Primary somatic sensory area

A
  1. In parietal lobe behind central sulcus
  2. Gets sensory info, pain temp, light touch
  3. Left side or primary somatic area gets impulses from right side
    and vice versa
  4. Sensory homunculus is spatial map
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Study the homunculi

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Visual area

A

Occipital lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Auditory area

A

Temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Olfactory area

A

Temporal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Primary motor area location

A

In front of central sulcus in frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What does the primary motor area do?

A

Lets you consciously move skeletal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Motor neurons form a

A

Corticospinal tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Corticospinal tract descends to

A

Spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Motor homunculus is spatial map of

A

Primary motor area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Broca’s area

A
  1. Part of cortex
  2. Speaking ability
  3. Left hemisphere
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Anterior association area

A

Frontal lobe

Thinking
Processing sense info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Posterior association area

A

Posterior cortex
Thinking
Processing sense info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Speech area

A

For sounding out words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

White matter made of

A

Fiber tracts deep to grey matter
Has commisures
Association fiber tracts
Projection fiber tracts

Corpus callosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What connects the hemispheres?

A

Corpus callosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Commisures

A

Tracts like the corpus callosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What connects areas within a hemisphere?

A

Association fiber tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What connects the cerebrum with lower CNS centers

A

Projection fiber tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Basal nuclei

A

“islands” of grey matter buried deep within white matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Function of basal nuclei

A

Regulate motor control activities

Modify instructions sent to skeletal muscles by primary motor cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Diencephalon location

A

Sits on top of brain stem
Enclosed by hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What encloses the third ventricle?

A

Thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Relay station for impulses going up to cerebral cortex

A

Thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Responsible for sending impulses to the right part of the cortex for localization and interpretation

A

Thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What makes the floor of the diencephalon?

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Autonomic system functions of hypothalamus

A

Regulates:
Body temp
H2O balance
Metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What houses limbic center for emotions?

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What regulates the nearby pituitary gland?

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Houses mammillary bodies for olfaction

A

Hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Forms roof of third ventricle

A

Epithalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What houses the pineal gland/body?

A

Epithalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Includes Choroid plexus

A

Epithalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Choroid plexus

A

Makes cerebrospinal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Brain stem

A

Attaches to spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Midbrain extends from

A

Mammillary bodies to pons inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

What connects 3&4 ventricles in the midbrain?

A

Cerebral aqueduct (tiny canal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Cerebral peduncles

A

2 bulging fiber tracts
Convey ascending and descending impulses

In midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Role of corpora quadrigemina (four rounded protrusions) in the midbrain?

A

Visual and auditory reflex centers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Corpora quadrigemina

A

4 rounded protrusions in midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Rounded structure just below midbrain

A

Pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Pons is mostly made of

A

Fiber tracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Pons has nuclei in control of

A

Breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Most inferior part of brain stem that merges into spinal cord

A

Medulla oblongata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Medulla oblongata has ______ fiber tracts

A

Important

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Control centers of the medulla oblongata control

A

1.Heart rate
2. BP
3. Breathing
4.Swallowing
5. Vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Fourth ventricle location

A

Behind pons and medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Reticular formation brain stem

A

1.Diffuse mass of grey matter along brain stem

  1. Motor control of visceral organs
  2. RAS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

RAS stands for

A

Reticular Activating System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Reticular Activating System function

A

Awake/Sleep cycles and consciousness

Filter for incoming sensory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Cerebellum composed of

A

2 hemispheres with convoluted surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

What is outer cortex of cerebellum made of?

A

Gray matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

What is inner region of cerebellum made of?

A

White matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Functions of cerebellum

A

1.Control balance

  1. Precise timing for skeletal muscle activity & coordination of body movements
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

What protects CNS ?

A

Meninges

CSF (cerebral spinal fluid)

Blood-brain barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Meninges

A

Dura mater
Folds inward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Dura mater

A

Outermost leathery layer
Double layered external covering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Layers of dura mater

A

Periosteum
Meningeal layer
Arachnoid layer
Pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Attached to inner surface of skull

A

Periosteum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Meningeal layer

A

Outer covering of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

Types of folds in areas of dura mater

A

Falx cerebri
Tentorium cerebelli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Arachnoid layer

A

1.Middle layer
2.Web like extensions attach to pia mater
3. Subarachnoid space filled w/ CSF & web-like extensions
4. Arachnoid granulations protrude through dura mater & absorb CSF into blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

Pia mater

A

Internal layer
Clings to surface of brain & spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Meninges acronym

A

D(uramater)
A(rachnoid mater)
P(ia mater)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

CSF is similar to _____ _______ in composition

A

Blood plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

What makes CSF

A

Choroid plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

Choroid plexus

A

Capillaries in ventricles of brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Function of CSF

A

Watery cushion to protect brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

Places where CSF circulates

A

Arachnoid space
Ventricles
Central canal of spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

CSF circulation step 1

A
  1. CSF made by Choroid plexus of each ventricles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

CSF circulation step 2

A
  1. Flows through ventricles and into subarachnoid space through median and lateral apertures
  2. Some CSF flows through central canal of spinal cord
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

CSF circulation step 3

A

CSF flows through subarachnoid space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

CSF circulation step 4

A

Absorbed in sural venous sinuses via arachnoid villi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

Blood brain barrier includes least

A

Least permeable capillaries of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

What does the Blood brain barrier allow to pass through

A

Water, glucose, aminoacids allowed to pass through capillary walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

What substances does the blood brain barrier exclude?

A

Harmful substances and wastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

What is Blood brain barrier useless against?

A

Alcohol and some drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

Types of TBI

A

Concussion
Contusion
Death

103
Q

Concussion

A

Slight brain injury
Little permanent damage

104
Q

Contusion

A

marked nervous tissue destruction occurs

Coma may happen

105
Q

Can cause death

A

Intercranial hemorrhage

Cerebral edema

106
Q

CVA

A

Circulation to brain blocked

Loss of functions

107
Q

Types of loss of function caused by CVA

A

Hemiplegia
Aphasia

108
Q

Hemiplegia

A

One sided paralysis

109
Q

Aphasia

A

Damage to speech center in left hemisphere

110
Q

TIA

A

Transient ischemic attack

Temporary loss of blood

Numbness, temp paralysis, impaired speech

111
Q

Ischemia

A

Restriction of blood flow

112
Q

Spinal cord extends from

A

Foramen magnum to first or second lumbar vertabra

113
Q

Cauda equina located at

A

Inferior end of spinal cord

114
Q

Cauda equina

A

Collection of spinal nerves at inferior end

115
Q

How many spinal nerves arise from spinal cord?

A

31 pairs of spinal nerves

116
Q

Function of spinal cord

A

Two way conduction pathway to and from the brain

117
Q

Internal grey matter of spinal cord and spinal roots is made of

A

Mostly cell bodies

118
Q

What houses the interneurons

A

Dorsal horns

119
Q

Interneurons

A

Receive info from sensory neurons in dorsal root

120
Q

Dorsal root ganglion

A

Houses cell bodies

121
Q

Anterior horns house

A

Motor neurons of somatic nervous system

122
Q

What surrounds the central canal ?

A

Gray matter

123
Q

What is central canal full of?

A

CSF

124
Q

What sends info to ventral root?

A

Motor neurons of somatic nervous system

125
Q

White matter of spinal cord made of

A

Myelinated fiber tracts

126
Q

Regions of spinal cord

A

Dorsal,
Lateral,
Ventral

127
Q

Afferent tracts send impulses to

A

Brain

128
Q

Efferent tracts take impulses

A

From brain to skeletal muscle

129
Q

PNS made of

A

Nerves and ganglia outside of CNS

130
Q

Nerve

A

Bundles of neurons outside of CNS

131
Q

Endoneurium

A

Connective tissue sheath around each fiber

132
Q

Perineurium

A

Wraps groups of fibers bound into a fascicle

133
Q

Epineurium

A

Binds groups of fascicles

134
Q

Mixed nerves

A

Have both sensory and motor fibers

135
Q

Afferent nerves

A

Carry impulse towards CNS

136
Q

Efferent nerves

A

Carry impulses away from CNS

137
Q

How many pairs of nerves serve the head and neck mostly

A

12 pairs of nerves

138
Q

Vagus nerves

A

Only pair that extends to thoracic and abdominal cavities

139
Q

Most cranial nerves are _____ nerves

A

Mixed nerves

140
Q

Which cranial nerves are sensory only?

A

Optic
Olfactory
Vestibulocochlear

141
Q

Cranial Nerves Mnemonic device

A

Oh
Oh
Oh

To
Touch
And
Feel
Very
Green
Vegetables

A
H

142
Q

Oh

A

Olfactory, optic, oculomotor

143
Q

To

A

Trochlear

144
Q

Touch

A

Trigeminal

145
Q

And

A

Abducens

146
Q

Feel

A

Facial

147
Q

Very

A

Vestibulocochlear

148
Q

Green

A

Glossopharyngeal

149
Q

Vegetables

A

Vagus

150
Q

A

A

Accessory

151
Q

H

A

Hypoglossal

152
Q

Olfactory nerve i

A

Smell
Sensory

153
Q

Optic nerve ii

A

Sensory
Vision impulses

154
Q

Oculomotor iii

A

Motor fibers to 4/6 muscles that move eyeball

Eyelid

Internal eye muscles (controls lens shape and pupil size)

155
Q

iv Trochlear nerve

A

Motor fibers for one external eye muscle

Superior oblique

156
Q

Trigeminal nerve v

A

Both motor and sensory

Impulses from face skin and face mucosa

Motor fibers activate chewing muscles

157
Q

VI abducens

A

Motor fibers to lateral rectus muscle

Rolls eye laterally

158
Q

Vii facial

A

Facial expression

Lacrimal and salivary glands

Sensory impulses from taste buds of anterior tongue

159
Q

Viii vestibulocochlear

A

Sensory

Balance

Cochlear branch: impulses for hearing sense

160
Q

IX glossopharyngeal

A

Motor:
Swallowing
Saliva production

Sensory:
Tastebuds back of tongue

Pressure receptors of carotid artery

161
Q

X Vagus

A

Sensory and motor impulses to:

Pharynx
Larynx
Abdominal and thoracic viscera

Regulate digestive and heart activity

162
Q

XI accessory nerves

A

Activate sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle

163
Q

XII Hypoglossal

A

Tongue movement and impulses from tongue

164
Q

Spinal nerves formed by combination of

A

Ventral and dorsal roots of spinal cord

165
Q

Regions of spinal nerves

A

Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral

166
Q

Ramus

A

Branch of a spinal nerve
Has motor and sensory fibers

167
Q

Dorsal Rami

A

Serve Skin and muscles of posterior trunk

168
Q

Ventral Rami

A

Muscles & Skin of ribs and trunk
(T1-T12)
Intercoastal

169
Q

Ventral Rami except for T1-T12

A

Complex network for anterior

170
Q

Plexus

A

Complex nerves network

Meets Motor and sensory needs of limbs

171
Q

Which are the 4 plexuses

A

Cervical
Brachial
Lumbar
Sacral

172
Q

Plexuses form from

A

Ventral Rami of spinal nerves in cervical, lumbar, sacral regions

173
Q

Origin of cervical plexus

A

C1-C5
Ventral Rami

174
Q

Important cervical plexus nerves

A

Phrenic

175
Q

Phrenic serves

A

Diaphragm

Skin &muscles of shoulder & neck

176
Q

Result of damage to cervical plexus and phrenic

A

Respiratory paralysis
Death

177
Q

Brachial plexus important nerves

A

Axillary
Radial
Median
Musculocutaneous
Ulnar

178
Q

Axillary nerve serves

A

Deltoid muscle

Skin of shoulder

Muscles and skin of superior thorax

179
Q

Result of damage to axillary nerve

A

Paralysis & atrophy of deltoid

180
Q

Radial nerve serves

A

triceps & extensor muscles of forearm

Skin of posterior upper limb

181
Q

Result of damage to radial nerve

A

Wristdrop
Inability to extend hand at the wrist

182
Q

Median nerve serves

A

Flexor muscles
Skin of forearm

Some hand muscles

183
Q

Median nerve damage results

A

Can’t pick up small objects

Can’t flex & abduct hand, thumb or index finger

184
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve serves

A

Flexor muscles of arm;
Skin of lateral forearm

185
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve damage

A

Can’t flex forearm at elbow

186
Q

Ulnar nerve serves

A

Flexor muscles of forearm,
Wrist,
Hand muscles,

Skin of hand

187
Q

Ulnar nerve damage results

A

Clawhand

Inability to spread fingers apart

188
Q

Brachial plexus originates from

A

Ventral Rami C5-C8 & T1

189
Q

Important nerves of lumbar plexus

A

Femoral(lateral & ant. Cutaneous branches)

Obturator

190
Q

Origin of lumbar plexus

A

Ventral Rami

L1-L4

191
Q

Femoral nerve serves

A

Lower abdomen,

Anterior & Medial thigh muscles,

Skin of anteromedial leg and thigh

192
Q

Femoral nerve damage results

A

Can’t extend leg and flex hip

Less cutaneous sensation

193
Q

Obturator nerve serves

A
  1. Adductor muscles of medial thigh
  2. Small hip muscles
  3. Skin of medial thigh
  4. Hip joint
194
Q

Obturator nerve damage results

A

Can’t adduct thigh

195
Q

Sacral plexus origin

A

L4-L5 &
S1-S4

196
Q

Important nerves in sacral plexus

A
  1. Sciatic
  2. Superior and inferior gluteal
197
Q

Sciatic nerve

A

Largest in body

198
Q

Sciatic nerve splits to

A

Common fibular & tibial nerves above the knee

199
Q

Common fibular

A

Superficial and deep branches

200
Q

Tibial includes

A

Sural & Plantar branches

201
Q

Sciatic nerve serves

A
  1. Lower trunk
  2. Back of thigh (hip extensors, knee flexors)
202
Q

Common fibular nerve serves

A

Lateral aspect of leg and foot

203
Q

Tibial nerve serves

A

Posterior aspect of leg and foot

204
Q

Results of damage to sciatic nerve

A

Can’t extend hip or flex knee ; sciatica

205
Q

Result of damage to common fibular nerve

A

Foot drop, can’t dorsiflex foot

206
Q

Result of damage to tibial nerve

A

Can’t plantar flex and invert foot

Shuffling gait

207
Q

Superior and inferior gluteal nerves serve

A

Gluteus muscles of hip

208
Q

Result of damage to superior and inferior gluteal nerves

A

Can’t extend hip or abduct and medially rotate thigh

209
Q

Motor subdivision of PNS made of

A

Only motor nerves

210
Q

What is also known as the involuntary nervous system

A

Motor subdivision of PNS

211
Q

The PNS controls the body

A

Automatically

Cardiac and smooth muscle cells and glands

212
Q

Describe motor neuron cells in somatic nervous system

A

Motor neuron cell bodies originate inside of CNS

Axons extend to skeletal muscles that are served

213
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Chain of two motor neurons:
Preganlionic
Postganglionic

Has two arms:
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

214
Q

Preganlionic

A

In brain or spinal cord

215
Q

Postganglionic neuron

A

Extends to the organ

216
Q

Sympathetic associate with

A

Fight or flight
Dog chasing
Sweat

217
Q

Parasympathetic associated with

A

Rest and digest

218
Q

Craniosacral division

A

Parasympathetic division

219
Q

Preganlionic neurons originate in

A

Cranial nerves 3,7 9, &10

S2-S4 regions of spinal cord

220
Q

Preganlionic neurons synapse with

A

Terminal ganglia

221
Q

From terminal ganglia, postganglionic axons extend to

A

Organs that are served

222
Q

Thoracolumbar region

A

Sympathetic region

223
Q

Preganlionic neurons originate from

A

T1-L2

224
Q

To enter sympathetic trunk ganglion axons must

A

Pass through ramus communicans

225
Q

Sympathetic trunk or chain lies near

A

The spinal cord

226
Q

After synapsing at ganglion, axon may synapse with

A

A second neuron at the same or different level

227
Q

What happens when preganlionic neuron passes ganglion without synapsing

A

It forms part of the splanchnic nerves

228
Q

Splanchnic nerves travel to

A

Collateral ganglion

229
Q

Collateral ganglia serve

A

Abdominal and pelvic organs

230
Q

Body organs from autonomic system receive fibers from ____ divisions

A

Both

231
Q

Which receive only sympathetic fibers?

A

Blood vessels

Structures of skin

Some glands

Adrenal medulla

232
Q

What can happen when both body divisions serve the same organ

A

Can cause antagonistic effects because of neurotransmitters

233
Q

Cholinergic fibers

A

Parasympathetic

234
Q

Adrenergic fibers

A

Sympathetic postganglionic

235
Q

Cholinergic fibers release

A

Acetylcholine

236
Q

Adrenergic fibers release

A

Norepinephrine

237
Q

Preganlionic axons of both divisions release

A

Acetylcholine

238
Q

E division

A

Sympathetic

239
Q

Parts of E division

A

Embarrassment
Excitement
Emergency
Excercise

240
Q

Responsible for “housekeeping” activities

A

Parasympathetic

241
Q

Which system conserves energy

A

Parasympathetic

242
Q

Maintains daily necessary functions

A

Parasympathetic

243
Q

D division

A

Parasympathetic

“Digestion”
“Defecation”
“Diuresis”

244
Q

Stimulates constrictor muscle; constricts pupils

A

Parasympathetic

245
Q

Stimulates dilator muscles; dilates pupils

A

Sympathetic

246
Q

Stimulates to increase bulging of lens for close vision

A

Parasympathetic

247
Q

Inhibits, decreases bulging of lens; prepares for distant vision

A

Sympathetic

248
Q

Stimulates adrenal medulla cells to secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine

A

Sympathetic

249
Q

Produce perspiration

A

Sympathetic

250
Q

Produces goosebumps

A

Sympathetic

251
Q

Causes ejaculation

A

Sympathetic

252
Q

Causes erection

A

Parasympathetic

253
Q

Increases metabolic rate;
Increases blood sugar levels; stimulates fat breakdown

A

Sympathetic

Anatomy And Physiology 1 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions