7.6 and 7.7 - Hormonal Contraception and Evaluating Methods of Contraception Flashcards
What must be done with the contraceptive pill?
The contraceptive pill must be taken regularly or the body’s own hormones will be released, leading to an egg maturing.
What does the mixed pill contain?
The mixed pill contains oestrogen and progesterone.
How does the mixed pill prevent egg maturation?
The oestrogen levels are constantly high, inhibiting FSH so no eggs mature.
What are the effects of the mixed pill on the uterine lining and cervical mucus?
The lining stops developing and the mucus in the cervix becomes thick so sperm cannot move through.
What are some possible side effects of the mixed pill?
Possible side effects include changes in mood, mood swings, depression, breast pain or tenderness, breast enlargement, and increased blood pressure.
What is the progesterone only pill?
The progesterone only pill has less side effects in comparison to the mixed pill.
What does the contraceptive patch contain?
The contraceptive patch contains oestrogen and progesterone.
How long does the contraceptive patch last?
The contraceptive patch lasts for 1 week.
What does the contraceptive implant do?
The contraceptive implant releases a continuous amount of progesterone.
What are the effects of the contraceptive implant?
It prevents the ovaries from releasing the egg, thickens the mucus in the cervix so sperm cannot swim, and stops fertilised eggs from embedding in the uterus.
How long does the contraceptive implant last?
The contraceptive implant lasts for 3 years.
What is the contraceptive injection made of?
The contraceptive injection is made up of progesterone.
How long does the contraceptive injection last?
The contraceptive injection lasts for 2 to 3 months.
What does the plastic intrauterine device (IUD) do?
The plastic intrauterine device releases progesterone.
What are the characteristics of the IUD?
It is T-shaped, inserted into the uterus, and lasts for 5 to 10 years.
What do non-hormonal methods of contraception do?
Non-hormonal methods of contraception stop sperm from fertilising the egg.
What are chemical methods of contraception?
Chemical methods involve spermicides that kill or disable sperm, but are only 70% to 80% effective.
What are barrier methods of contraception?
Barrier methods include condoms and diaphragms.
How do condoms work?
Condoms are either worn over the penis or placed inside the vagina and help prevent sexually transmitted diseases.
What is a potential problem with condoms?
A problem is that they can tear and therefore let sperm through.
What is a diaphragm?
A diaphragm is a plastic cup positioned over the cervix and is used with spermicide.
How does the copper intrauterine device work?
The copper intrauterine device kills sperm in the uterus and stops any fertilised embryos from implanting in the uterus lining.
What do surgical methods of sterilisation involve?
Surgical methods involve cutting and tying the fallopian tubes or sperm duct and are often permanent procedures.
What is abstaining from intercourse?
Abstaining from intercourse ensures that an egg is not fertilised, and some may only abstain during ovulation.
