7.15 and 7.16 - Causes and Control of Diabetes Flashcards
What is diabetes?
Diabetes is a disease where the body cannot control blood sugar levels properly.
What is Type 1 diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes is when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin. This condition is congenital (usually from birth/a young age).
What happens to blood glucose levels in Type 1 diabetes?
Blood glucose levels can rise to a fatal amount.
What are the symptoms of Type 1 diabetes?
Glucose is excreted with urine, and lots of urine is produced, leaving the individual very thirsty.
How is Type 1 diabetes treated?
It is treated with insulin injections at meal times, which results in glucose being taken up from the bloodstream.
What dietary advice is given for Type 1 diabetes?
It is advised to limit the intake of simple carbohydrates which contain lots of glucose.
What are current research efforts for curing Type 1 diabetes?
Doctors are attempting to cure diabetes with pancreas and pancreatic cell transplants, and genetically engineering pancreatic cells from mice to make insulin.
What is Type 2 diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is when the body cells no longer respond to insulin. This condition is acquired (usually occurs later in life).
What happens to blood glucose levels in Type 2 diabetes?
Blood glucose levels can rise to a fatal amount.
What is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes?
Obesity is a risk factor for this disease.
What are the treatments for Type 2 diabetes?
Treatments include reducing the number of simple carbohydrates in diet, losing weight, and increasing exercise.
What medications are available for Type 2 diabetes?
There are drugs to make insulin more effective on body cells, help the pancreas make more insulin, or reduce the amount of glucose absorbed from the gut.
