7. Substance Use and Substance Induced Disorders

Question 1

DSM 5 Criteria:

Answer 1

Someone who is wanting to stop using but cannot, takes a substance at a larger amount or longer period, having an impact at school or work or home functioning, continuing to use even when problematic, and craving the use

Question 2

Must be Addressed:

Answer 2

First, rule out medical condition

Second, rule out substance abuse problem

Lastly, address client’s use and how it is impacting them

Question 3

Withdrawal Symptoms:

Answer 3

Depression, seizures, feeling sick, headaches, and delirium tremors (specific to alcohol withdraw from heavy alcohol use as they will have tremors and physically shake)

Question 4

Models of Recovery:

Answer 4

Alcoholics anonymous (AA) is the main one because it is free and very common. They can get social support and helps maintain sobriety and get a sponsor

AA is based on the disease model (once an alcoholic, always an alcoholic such as diabetes, doesn’t go away and has to be managed daily)

Question 5

A type of intervention developed to engage people at whatever stage of change they are (when they know they have a problem and don’t want to change)

Answer 5

Motivational Interviewing

Question 6

Stage where client has no intention to change behavior in the foreseeable future

Many individuals in this stage are unaware or under-aware of their problems or in denial

Answer 6

Pre-Contemplation: Stage 1

Question 7

Stage where clients are aware that a problem exists and are seriously thinking about overcoming it, but have not yet made a commitment to take action

Many people in this stage can be described as ambivalent

Answer 7

Contemplation: Stage 2

Question 8

Stage where clients are gathering information and planning

This stage is the most important, 50% of the people who attempt behavior change and skip this stage will relapse within 21 days

Answer 8

Preparation: Stage 3

Question 9

Stage where clients modify their behavior, experiences, or environment in order to overcome their problems

It involves the most overt behavioral changes and requires considerable commitment of time and energy

Answer 9

Action: Stage 4

Question 10

Stage where clients work to prevent relapse and consolidate the gains attained during action

For addictive behaviors, this stage extends from 6 months to an indeterminate period past the initial action

Answer 10

Maintenance: Stage 5

Question 11

Stage where individuals revert to earlier stages

It is imperative to let clients know that this phase is part of recovery and is a bump in the road that can be overcome with hard work

Answer 11

Relapse: Stage 6