6.3 Adulthood

Question 1

What common diseases can be prevented by making healthy decisions?

Answer 1

hypertension
diabetes
cardiovascular disease
osteoporosis
obesity

Question 2

What are the four stages of adulthood?

Answer 2

1. ages 19-30
2. ages 31-50
3. ages 51-70
4. ages 71 and greater

Question 3

What is young adulthood?

Answer 3

first two stages, adults are exploring their independence, establishing a career, and beginning a family of their own

Question 4

What is middle adulthood?

Answer 4

ages 51-70 where individuals are juggling multiple schedules, adjusting to empty nest syndrome, and dealing with elderly parents

Question 5

What is older adulthood?

Answer 5

over the age of 70, period of downsizing, retirement, loss of spouse, and dealing with one’s own mortality

Question 6

What is aging?

Answer 6

physical and physiological changes that occur in body structure and funtion

Question 7

When do we experience aging?

Answer 7

over 30

Question 8

What is usual aging?

Answer 8

expected progression of cell death with age and physical changes that occur related to unhealthy lifestyle choices

Question 9

What is successful aging?

Answer 9

physical and physiological changes that occur related to growing older but are not related to poor lifestyle choices

Question 10

What are common symptoms of usual aging?

Answer 10

loss of bone mass
weight gain
high blood pressure
decrease in lean body mass

Question 11

What are the factors that directly affect an individuals aging process?

Answer 11

1. heredity
2. lifestyle
3. environment

Question 12

What do dietary guidelines recommend for a diet for adults?

Answer 12

diet low in saturated and trans fat, low in cholesterol, simple sugars, and sodium

Question 13

What does using complex carbs instead of simple carbs help reduce the risk of?

Answer 13

colon cancer
heart disease
high blood cholesterol levels

Question 14

What are common nutrients that are lacking in older individuals diets?

Answer 14

potassium
calcium
vitamin D
B12
carotenoids
dietary fiber
minerals

Question 15

What is a good diet to follow for older individuals?

Answer 15

DASH = dietary approach to stop hypertension

Question 16

What can dehydration lead to?

Answer 16

mental confusion
disorientation
bowel impaction
death

Question 17

What are physiological factors of aging?

Answer 17

sarcopenia
skeletal system changes
digestive system changes
chronic disease
medications

Question 18

What is sarcopenia?

Answer 18

loss of lean muscle leading to a decrease in basal metabolic rate

Question 19

What is sarcopenic obesity?

Answer 19

increase in fat stores due to sarcopenia

Question 20

What is chronic disease related to in older individuals for physiological factors of aging?

Answer 20

related to malnutrition, altered nutrient utilization, and alterd nutrient needs

Question 21

What can medications lead to in older individuals?

Answer 21

loss of taste and smell
anorexia
inhibit absorption of nutrients
disrupt gut bacteria