2.1 Digestion: From Food to Fuel (Part 2) Flashcards
What are the four main organs that are not a part of the GI tract but aid in digestion?
- salivary glands
- liver
- gallbladder
- pancreas
What is the function of the mouth?
to alter the food particles to prepare them to be swallowed
What secretes saliva?
salivary glands in the mouth
What is saliva?
watery fluid containing mucus and enzymes to prepare food for the next step in GI tract
What is mucus?
lubricant that mixes with food making it easier to swallow
What are the two main enzymes released in the mouth and what is their function?
salivary amylase = break down starches
lingual lipase = breaks down fats
What are the five flavors that can be identified by the tongue?
salty
sweet
bitter
sour
umami
What is the main function of the esophagus?
transport food from the mouth to the stomach
What is the epiglottis?
flap of tissue over the trachea that prevents food from entering during swallowing
When is peristalsis initiated and by what?
by the nervous system when food enters the esophagus
What is the sphincter muslce?
circular muscle located at the end of the esophagus that prevents backflow of stomach contents
What is the role of the stomach?
store, mix, dissolve, and continue digestion of food
What is the capacity of the stomach and the amount of time food can stay in the stomach?
four-cup capacity
2-3 hours
What is used for chemical digestion in the stomach?
gastric juice and enzymes
What is pepsin?
enzymes in stomach that breaks down proteins
