4.4 Minerals Part 2 Flashcards
What are the main functions of potassium?
fluid control operating inside of cells
nerve impulse transmission
muscle contractions
What are good sources of potassium?
unprocessed foods such as fruits, veggies, whole grains, and low-fat dairy
What are the current recommendations for daily intake of potassium?
3500mg
What is the average intake of potassium?
2000-3000mg
What can cause a deficiency of potassium?
poor diet
diuretics
What can result from a deficiency of potassium?
muscle cramps
confusion
cardiac arrythmias
What are sources of chloride?
table salt
fruits
vegetables
What are the functions of chloride?
extracellular fluid control
immune function
component of hydrochloric acid in stomach
Is chloride overconsumed?
yes
What are the functions of calcium?
teeth and bone structure
blood clotting
nerve impulse transmission
muscle contraction
Where is most of the calcium located in the body?
teeth and bones
What is calcium absorption dependent upon?
acidic environment and vitamin D
What are the factors that enhance calcium absorption?
blood levels of PTH
presence of glucose and lactose in diet
infancy
pregnany
What are the factors that inhibit absorptionof calcium?
large amounts phytic acid in grains
excess amounts of phosphorus
vitamin D deficiency
diarrhea
old age
What is tetany and when does it occur?
muscles cannot relax after contracting and involuntary twitching occurs; occurs when calcium levels fall
