2.1 Digestion: From Food to Fuel (Part 3) Flashcards
What is gastrin?
hormone responsible for controlling the concentration of acid in the stomach
When is gastrin produced?
when we begin to think about eating food
What is used in conjunction with gastrin to protect the stomach from high levels of acidity?
mucus
What is intrinsic factor?
glycoprotein produced in the stomach necessary for vitamin B12 to be absorbed
What is the pyloric sphincter?
controls the release of chyme into the small intestine
What is the small intestine?
contains the vast majority of digestion and absorption of nutrients
How long is the small intestine? The large intestine?
20 ft; 5 ft
What are the three portions of the small intestine listed in order?
- duodenum
- jejunum
- ileum
What are villi?
finger like projections that increase the surface area of the small intestine
Where do fat-soluble nutrients go and where do all the other nutrients go?
fat = lymph
other = blood
What does the liver do?
secretes bile to be stored in the gallbladder
What does the gallbladder do?
stores bile from the liver until it receives a hormonal signal that fat has entered the small intestine
How does bile move from the gallbladder to the duodenum?
common bile duct
What is the purpose of bile?
emulsify fat into smaller pieces that can be mixed with water
What is the role of the pancreas?
releases a mixture of water, bicarbonate, and enzymes that break down proteins, carbs, and fats
