2.3 Macronutrients: Carbohydrates Flashcards
What are carbohydrates composed of?
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
What cells are carbohydrates a major source of energy for?
brain
nervous system
muscle
red blood cells
What is glycogen?
storage form on glucose
Where is glycogen stored?
muscle cells
liver
What is the purpose of glycogen?
maintain blood glucose levels; when low glycogen is converted into glucose
What are monosaccharides?
simple sugars
What are the most common monosaccharides?
glucose
fructose
galactose
What is glucose?
blood sugar
What is fructose?
fruit sugar; sweet tasting sugar
What is galactose?
primary sugar in milk that is normally bound to glucose
What are disaccharides?
two monosaccharides linked together
What are the most common disaccharides?
sucrose
lactose
maltose
What is sucrose?
glucose+fructose; sweet
Where is sucrose mostly found?
table sugar
honey
maple syrup
What is lactose?
glucose + galactose; milk sugar
