1.2 Food Composition Part 2 Flashcards
What are microminerals also referred to as?
trace minerals
What are the functions of minerals?
structure
regulation
How many macrominerals are there?
16
What are the functions of water?
structure
regulation
What is the definition of energy?
the ability to do work
What are the three nutrient classes that are sources of energy?
protein
carbohydrates
fats
What bodily functions are the energy source nutrients used for?
- build new compounds
- perform muscular movements (mechanical energy)
- promote nerve transmissions (electrical energy)
- maintain ion balance within cells
What is a kilocalorie?
amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water one degree celsius
What is a Calorie?
dietary calorie that is equivalent to kilocalorie
What is a calorie?
amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree celsius
What is the calorie content for carbohydrates?
4 kcal/gram
What is the calorie content for proteins?
4 kcal/gram
What is the calorie content of fats?
9 kcal/gram
What is the calorie content of alcohol?
7 kcal/gram
What are the recommendations for each nutrient in our diet (in percent)?
10-35% calories from protein
45-65% of calories from carbohydrates
20-35% of calories from fat
