6.1 Self-Concept and Identity Flashcards
HIGH YIELD
Self-concept
the sum of the ways in which we describe ourselves; in the present, who we used to be, and who we might be in the future
Self-schema
a self given label that carries w/ it a set of qualities
Types of Identities
- Gender
- Ethnic and National
- Religious affiliation
Androgyny
- the state of being simultaneously very masculine and very feminine
- Low scores on both scales → undifferentiated
Gender schema
theory that states that key components of gender identity are transmitted through cultural and societal means
Identities are organized according to….
- hierarchy of salience, such that we let the situation dictate which identity holds the most importance for us as any given moment.
Self-discrepancy theory
- maintains that we have 3 selves: Actual, Ideal and Ought Self
What causes high self-esteem
The closer our actual self is to our ideal self and our ought self,
Self-efficacy
the degree to which we see ourselves as being capable at a given skill or in a given situation; our belief in our ability to succeed
earned helplessness
A states of hopelessness and resignation resulting from being unable to avoid repeated negative stimuli; often used as a model of depression
Locus of control
a self-eval that refers to the way we characterize the influences in our lives.
People w/ an internal locus of control
see their successes and failures as a result of their own characteristics and actions
People w/ an external locus of control
perceive outside factors as having more of an influence in their lives
overconfidence
results when self efficacy is too high and can lead us to take on tasks for which we are not ready, leading to frustration, humiliation, and sometimes personal injury
