4.5.3.1 human endocrine system Flashcards
What is the endocrine system
It is made up of glands that secrete chemicals (hormones) directly into the bloodstream. The blood carries the hormone to its target organ (/organs)
The target organ has a receptor on the cell membranes that pick up the hormone, triggering a response in the cell.
State 7 glands
Pituitary gland
Pancreas
Ovaries
Kidney
Adrenal gland
Testes
Thyroid
What hormone does the pituitary gland produce
ADH
What is the endocrine system?
Made up of glands that secrete chemicals (hormones) directly into the bloodstream. The blood carries the hormone to its target organ (/organs) the target organ has a receptor on its cell membranes which detects the hormone, triggering a response in the cell.
Name the 7 glands
Pituitary gland
Pancreas
Ovaries
Kidney
Testes
Thyroid
Adrenal gland
What hormone does the pituitary gland produce
AHD ( antidiuretic hormone)
What hormone does the pancreas produce
Insulin
What hormone do ovaries produce
Oestrogen
What hormone does the kidney produce
Vitamin D
Which hormone does the testes produce
Testosterone
Which hormone does the thyroid produce
Thyroxine
What hormone does the adrenal gland produce
Adrenaline
what does the pituitary gland do?
controls child growth, stimulates thyroxine production.
in women- stimulates ovaries to develop eggs and the release of hormones like oestrogen.
in men- sperm and testosterone production is stimulated
where is the pituitary gland located?
base of the brain
what does the adrenal gland do?
prepares the body for stressful situations ‘fight or flight’
adrenaline is produced here whenever the body is challenged with stress.
where is the adrenal gland found?
they are found above the kidneys
what do kidneys do?
it removes waste from blood and returns cleaned blood back to the body.
where are the kidneys found?
the kidneys are beneath the adrenal glands which are two small kidney bean looking organs.
what do the testes do?
controls the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, and produces sperm/ testosterone.
where are the testes found?
near the pelvis (beneath the penis)
what does the hypothalamus do?
helps manage body temperature, hunger, sex drive, mood, thirst, sleep and blood pressure.
where is the hypothalamus found?
within the brain
what does the thyroid do?
controls the metabolic rate of the body
where is thyroid located?
at the front of the neck just below the larynx
what does the pancreas do?
controls the level of glucose in the blood and produces insulin and glucagon.
where is the pancreas located?
in between the kidneys. near the abdomen.
what do the ovaries do?
controls the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics, involved in menstrual cycle. oestrogen and progesterone are produced here.
where are the ovaries located?
(in women) near the vagina.
what is metabolism?
the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
What does the thyroid gland do?
In your neck it uses iodine from your diet to produce the hormone thyroxine, it controls metabolism.
What is negative feedback?
An initial change is caused and negative feedback causes the responses activating the opposite.
What is the order to negative feedback?
Conditions in your body change from set point
Change is detected
Connective mechanisms are activated
Conditions return back to set point
Corrective mechanisms are switched off
