4.5.3.1 human endocrine system

Question 1

What is the endocrine system

Answer 1

It is made up of glands that secrete chemicals (hormones) directly into the bloodstream. The blood carries the hormone to its target organ (/organs)
The target organ has a receptor on the cell membranes that pick up the hormone, triggering a response in the cell.

Question 2

State 7 glands

Answer 2

Pituitary gland
Pancreas
Ovaries
Kidney
Adrenal gland
Testes
Thyroid

Question 3

What hormone does the pituitary gland produce

Answer 3

ADH

Question 5

What is the endocrine system?

Answer 5

Made up of glands that secrete chemicals (hormones) directly into the bloodstream. The blood carries the hormone to its target organ (/organs) the target organ has a receptor on its cell membranes which detects the hormone, triggering a response in the cell.

Question 6

Name the 7 glands

Answer 6

Pituitary gland
Pancreas
Ovaries
Kidney
Testes
Thyroid
Adrenal gland

Question 7

What hormone does the pituitary gland produce

Answer 7

AHD ( antidiuretic hormone)

Question 8

What hormone does the pancreas produce

Answer 8

Insulin

Question 9

What hormone do ovaries produce

Answer 9

Oestrogen

Question 10

What hormone does the kidney produce

Answer 10

Vitamin D

Question 11

Which hormone does the testes produce

Answer 11

Testosterone

Question 12

Which hormone does the thyroid produce

Answer 12

Thyroxine

Question 13

What hormone does the adrenal gland produce

Answer 13

Adrenaline

Question 14

what does the pituitary gland do?

Answer 14

controls child growth, stimulates thyroxine production.
in women- stimulates ovaries to develop eggs and the release of hormones like oestrogen.
in men- sperm and testosterone production is stimulated

Question 15

where is the pituitary gland located?

Answer 15

base of the brain

Question 16

what does the adrenal gland do?

Answer 16

prepares the body for stressful situations ‘fight or flight’
adrenaline is produced here whenever the body is challenged with stress.

Question 17

where is the adrenal gland found?

Answer 17

they are found above the kidneys

Question 18

what do kidneys do?

Answer 18

it removes waste from blood and returns cleaned blood back to the body.

Question 19

where are the kidneys found?

Answer 19

the kidneys are beneath the adrenal glands which are two small kidney bean looking organs.

Question 20

what do the testes do?

Answer 20

controls the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, and produces sperm/ testosterone.

Question 21

where are the testes found?

Answer 21

near the pelvis (beneath the penis)

Question 22

what does the hypothalamus do?

Answer 22

helps manage body temperature, hunger, sex drive, mood, thirst, sleep and blood pressure.

Question 23

where is the hypothalamus found?

Answer 23

within the brain

Question 24

what does the thyroid do?

Answer 24

controls the metabolic rate of the body

Question 25

where is thyroid located?

Answer 25

at the front of the neck just below the larynx

Question 26

what does the pancreas do?

Answer 26

controls the level of glucose in the blood and produces insulin and glucagon.

Question 27

where is the pancreas located?

Answer 27

in between the kidneys. near the abdomen.

Question 28

what do the ovaries do?

Answer 28

controls the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics, involved in menstrual cycle. oestrogen and progesterone are produced here.

Question 29

where are the ovaries located?

Answer 29

(in women) near the vagina.

Question 30

what is metabolism?

Answer 30

the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

Question 31

What does the thyroid gland do?

Answer 31

In your neck it uses iodine from your diet to produce the hormone thyroxine, it controls metabolism.

Question 32

What is negative feedback?

Answer 32

An initial change is caused and negative feedback causes the responses activating the opposite.

Question 33

What is the order to negative feedback?

Answer 33

Conditions in your body change from set point
Change is detected
Connective mechanisms are activated
Conditions return back to set point
Corrective mechanisms are switched off