4.3.1.6 human defence systems Flashcards
What are five parts to our body that protect us from disease
Skin,
Eyes
Lungs
Stomach
Blood
How does skin prevent disease
A blanket covering blood, veins and body organs etc. Disease can be on skin but not enter
How do our eyes prevent disease from entering
Salty tears can clear our eye contents, eyelids and eyelashes prevent disease from entering
How do longs prevent disease
Lined with mucus and hair which sticks up when pathogen is present. Disease sticks to this sticky fluid
How does our stomach prevent disease?
Contains acid which can eradicate or neutralise disease
How can blood prevent disease
Contains white blood cells
What are the two things white blood cells produce?
Phagocytes and lymphocytes
What are phagocytes
Pathogens are engulfed and digested by lysosomes paired with enzymes which comprise phagocytes.
Where are phagocytes made
In the bone marrow with derived from a myeloid origin
What is the role of phagocytes
They patrol the body and search for invading pathogens
How do phagocytes get rid of pathogens
Engulf and digest pathogens and dead human cells or debris
What makes lymphocytes?
Bone marrow
What do lymphocytes produce?
Antibodies
How do lymphocytes kill pathogens?
The antibodies produced attach to the pathogen and destroys it.
Why do we not usually get an illness we’ve had already and if we do get a constant illness what is the cause of this?
Usually, illnesses that we have had before are recognised by the body and are avoided.
Certain illnesses mutate and change — like colds or flus
