4.2.3.1 plant tissues Flashcards
What does the xylem do
Transports nutrients, water and oxygen up through the plant from the roots to the leaves
What does the phloem do
Transports nutrients, oxygen and water down through the plant from the leaves to the roots.
State what is in the middle of the leaf
Lots of cells with chloroplasts
Spongy mesophyll
Soaks up water / nutrients, allowing gas to pas through.
What’s in the underneath of a leaf
Stomata which allows gas transfer
Stomata surrounded by guard cells
Water evaporates through the stomata
State what is in the upper side of the leaf
Cuticle - a protective layer
Describe what insect pollination is
Pollen sticks to an insects body, fly to another plant and the pollen is deposited.
Describe the function of a root hair cell
Allows more absorption of water through the roots and other mineral nutrients. Uptake of water by osmosis and mineral ions by active transport.
What is translocation
The movement of food molecules through phloem tissue
What are the four layers to a leaf starting from the lower half
Thé guard cell layer with chloroplasts inside, as well as stomata.
Spongy mesophyll layer
Palisade mesophyll layer
Upper epidermis
What are the three adaptations of a leaf
Stomata on underneath
Large surface area
Lots of chlorophyll
What does stomata do?
Allows for gas exchange (carbon dioxide enters and oxygen leaves)
What does a large surface area enable?
Absorption of sunlight is maximised
What does having lots of chloroplasts allow for?
Produces lots of the pigment chlorophyll which optimisés photosynthesis
What is the role of the xylem
Water uptake from the roots to the plant leaves.
What is the adaptation to a xylem?
They have thick walls to deal with the high pressures of flowing water
