[24] Recombinant DNA Technology Flashcards
What is recombinant DNA technology?
The process of joining together DNA molecules from two different species that are inserted into a host organism to produce new genetic combinations.
What is the purpose of recombinant DNA technology?
- To study gene function
- To produce proteins, vaccines, or enzymes for medical and industrial use
- To create genetically modified organisms
What are the steps involved in recombinant DNA technology?
- DNA isolation
- Cutting of DNA
- Ligation of DNA
- Transformation
- Selection of recombinants
What is DNA isolation in the context of recombinant DNA technology?
The process of purifying DNA from sample using a combination of physical and chemical methods.
How is DNA cut in recombinant DNA technology?
Using restriction enzymes which recognize specific sequences of DNA and cut it at those points.
What is DNA ligation in recombinant DNA technology?
The process of joining two pieces of DNA together by using an enzyme called DNA ligase.
Define transformation in the context of recombinant DNA technology.
The process by which the recombinant DNA is introduced into a host cell.
What does the selection of recombinants refer to in recombinant DNA technology?
The process of identifying and isolating the host cells that have been successfully transformed with the recombinant DNA.
What are restriction enzymes?
Proteins that can cut DNA at specific sequences.
What is DNA ligase?
An enzyme that connects two fragments of DNA to make a single fragment.
What are vectors in recombinant DNA technology?
DNA molecules that are used to carry foreign genetic material into another cell.
What is a plasmid?
A small, circular piece of DNA that is commonly used as a vector in recombinant DNA technology.
What are genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?
Organisms whose genetic material has been altered using recombinant DNA technology.
What is a clone in recombinant DNA technology?
A group of cells derived from a single parent cell and are genetically identical to it.
What is a host in the context of recombinant DNA technology?
An organism into which a recombinant DNA is introduced.
