165. Leptospirosis swine. Flashcards
1
Q
Leptospirosis of swine Occurence Aetiology epidemiology?
A
Leptospirosis of swine
• Occurrence:
- worldwide,
- great economic impact,
- eradication programs
• Aetiology:
- L. Pomona,
- L. Tarassovi - no cross protection, other serotypes
• Epidemiology
- L. Pomona, L. Tarassovi: swine is the maintaining host
- Independent epidemiological cycle
- Shed in urine,
- Overcrowding, mixing, poor hygiene
- Other animal species can transmit: horse, dog, rodents
2
Q
Pathogenesis?
A
Pathogenesis
- Infection: per os, sometimes percutaneous
- Septicaemia
- Immune reaction
- Kidney, foetus: strong foetopathogenic effect
- Natural seroconversion
- Long lasting shedding in urine
- Different runoff in the case of the different serotypes: L. Pomona faster, L. Tarassovi slower
3
Q
Clinical signs?
A
Clinical signs
- Gilts, adults: asymptomatic, „flu-like”
- Pregnant sows:
- Decreased litter (before days 40-45 resorption)
- Abortion, sets of foetuses (after days 40-45 mummification)
- Not viable piglets
4
Q
Pathology and diagnosis?
A
Pathology
- Foetuses died in different age
- Anaemia, jaundice
- Liver and spleen enlarged, brownish
- Reddish fluid in body cavities
Diagnosis
- Epidemiology – clinical signs – pathology
- Detection of leptospirae: liver, kidney – silver impregnation, IF, PCR
- Detection of antibodies: MAT, high titre!
5
Q
Treatment Prevention and eradication?
A
Treatment
ABs: ampicillin, amoxicillin, lincomycin, OTC, gentamycin, tylosin, tiamulin – 10 days
• Prevention
- General epidemiological measures: Isolation of age groups, Rodent control, Reparation of the floor,
- elimination of poodles
- Vaccination
- Gilts 2-3 vaccines (insemination +3 weeks)
- Sows: every 6 months
- Relative protection
- New pigs have to be vaccinated
• Eradication
- Eradication methods: generation shift, herd replacement, eradication with antibiotics
- Control of freedom
- Examination of abortions
- Serological examinations: boars - every 6 months, sows - yearly 10%
