108. Botulism. Flashcards
1
Q
Occurence of Botulism?
A
Occurrence
- worldwide
- warmer climate
2
Q
Etiology of Botulism?
A
Etiology:
- C. botulinum A-G
- A, B, E, F: human
- C, D: animals
- Toxins, conditions of toxin production
- Resistance
- Susceptibility: mammals (horse, ruminants, swine, dog, cat), birds
3
Q
Epidemiology of Botulism?
A
Epidemiology:
- C. botulinum
- Soil, water, gut, feces
- Toxin production: rotting protein above 20C,
- decaying vegetation,
- dead animals,
- fly eggs,
- poorly baled silage,
- chewing bones (phosphorous deficiency),
- infected meat
4
Q
Pathogenesis of Botulism?
A
Pathogenesis:
- toxin is taken PO
- > gut
- > blood
- > nervous system (peripheral neural junctions, hydrolysis of synaptobrevins)
- > irreversible toxic effect
- > toxicoinfection botulism
5
Q
Clinical signs of Botulism?
A
Clinical signs:
- incubation time 3-17 days
- Flaccid paralysis:
- weakness, flaccid paralysis of trunk,
- extremities, head, neck
- Mink: hinder legs, salivation
- Birds: paralysis of the wings
6
Q
Pathology of Botulism?
A
Pathology:
- not characteristic
- hyperemic organs
- edema in the lungs
7
Q
Diagnosis of Botulism?
A
• Diagnosis:
- epidemiology,
- clinical signs
- Toxin detection:
- blood
- liver
- feed
- ELISA
- mouse test
8
Q
Treatment of botulism?
A
Treatment:
- anti-toxin
- change of feed
- laxants (diarrhoea to clear gut)
9
Q
Prevention of Botulism?
A
• Prevention:
- change of feed
- change of predisposing factors
- vaccine
10
Q
Public health?
A
- Public health:
- meat,
- meat products, ham, fish, tinned food (vegetables), infants
- Clinical signs:
- vomiting,
- abdominal pain,
- double vision,
- salivation,
- swallowing difficulties
- Treatment:
- antitoxin,
- gastric lavage
- Treatment,
- cosmetic
