154. Disease of sheep caused by Brucella ovis. Flashcards

1
Q

Occurence ethiology and epidemiology?

A

OCCURRENCE, ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY

  • Occurs in most sheep-raising regions of the world ʹ Australia, New Zealand, North- and South America, South Africa, many countries in Europe
  • Cause infertility, epidydimitis and orchitis in rams, and sporadic abortion in ewes (placentitis),
  • increased perinatal mortality
  • Caused by B. ovis
  • only sheep are susceptible, shed with urine and semen
  • Introduction into a herd with matured, infected and asymptomatic rams
  • No septicemia, colonize in urogenital mucous membranes
  • ascending infection: epididymis, testicles and
  • accessory glands
  • resulting in inflammation, necrosis, edema, fibrosis and spermatocele
  • Ewe: venereal transmission, several months, get free from B. ovis
  • Rams have lifelong infection!
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2
Q

Clinical signs and pathology?

A

CLINICAL SIGNS AND PATHOLOGY

  • Incubation period of 5-9 weeks
  • Skin of scrotum is flushed; painful and enlarged epididymis and testicles, abnormal gait
  • Unilateral or bilateral testicular atrophy with swelling and hardening of the epididymis
  • Decreased quality of semen and sexual activity,
  • reduced fertility in rams
  • Chronic lesions: abscesses and necrotic foci in the testicles
  • uneven surface and calcification
  • In ewes: sporadic abortion, but it is rare, increased perinatal mortality
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3
Q

Diagnosis and differential diagnosis?

A

DIAGNOSIS

  • Epidemiological situation and clinical signs,
  • palpation of the testicles
  • Serology ʹ AGID, CFT, ELISA
  • PCR from urine, semen or preputial washing fluid
  • Microscopic and bacteriological examination of semen
  • Differential diagnosis
  • B. melitensis,
  • Histophilus somni,
  • Actinobacillus seminis
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4
Q

Prevention and eradication?

A

PREVENTION, ERADICATION

  • Treatment is pointless
  • Prevention by castration of infected rams
  • Eradication
  • young, immature rams
  • separated rearing
  • ELISA test in every 4-6 weeks intervals and removal of seropositive rams
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