154. Disease of sheep caused by Brucella ovis. Flashcards
1
Q
Occurence ethiology and epidemiology?
A
OCCURRENCE, ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
- Occurs in most sheep-raising regions of the world ʹ Australia, New Zealand, North- and South America, South Africa, many countries in Europe
- Cause infertility, epidydimitis and orchitis in rams, and sporadic abortion in ewes (placentitis),
- increased perinatal mortality
- Caused by B. ovis
- only sheep are susceptible, shed with urine and semen
- Introduction into a herd with matured, infected and asymptomatic rams
- No septicemia, colonize in urogenital mucous membranes
- ascending infection: epididymis, testicles and
- accessory glands
- resulting in inflammation, necrosis, edema, fibrosis and spermatocele
- Ewe: venereal transmission, several months, get free from B. ovis
- Rams have lifelong infection!
2
Q
Clinical signs and pathology?
A
CLINICAL SIGNS AND PATHOLOGY
- Incubation period of 5-9 weeks
- Skin of scrotum is flushed; painful and enlarged epididymis and testicles, abnormal gait
- Unilateral or bilateral testicular atrophy with swelling and hardening of the epididymis
- Decreased quality of semen and sexual activity,
- reduced fertility in rams
- Chronic lesions: abscesses and necrotic foci in the testicles
- uneven surface and calcification
- In ewes: sporadic abortion, but it is rare, increased perinatal mortality
3
Q
Diagnosis and differential diagnosis?
A
DIAGNOSIS
- Epidemiological situation and clinical signs,
- palpation of the testicles
- Serology ʹ AGID, CFT, ELISA
- PCR from urine, semen or preputial washing fluid
- Microscopic and bacteriological examination of semen
- Differential diagnosis
- B. melitensis,
- Histophilus somni,
- Actinobacillus seminis
4
Q
Prevention and eradication?
A
PREVENTION, ERADICATION
- Treatment is pointless
- Prevention by castration of infected rams
- Eradication
- young, immature rams
- separated rearing
- ELISA test in every 4-6 weeks intervals and removal of seropositive rams
