146. Porcine polyserositis (Glässer’s disease).

Question 1

Occurrence ehiology and epidemilogy?

Answer 1

OCCURRENCE, ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY

• Worldwide occurrence, sporadic
• Caused by H. parasuis ʹ NAD is needed for culture
• 15 serotypes (vaccination), virulence variants (surface structures)
• Only pigs are susceptible
• Epiphyte, introduced by bacterium carrier asymptomatic pigs
• Predisposing factors
• Non-infectious : overcrowding, weaning, transportation
• Infectious : mycoplasma, circovirus, PRRS
• • 1-2 months old piglets (after weaning)

Question 2

Pathogenesis?

Answer 2

PATHOGENESIS

• Aerogenic infect. (inhalation)
• colonization of the respiratory airways
• predisposing effects
• septicemia
• Serous membranes,
• joints,
• meninx
• serous-fibrinous inflammation

Question 3

Clinical signs and pathology?

Answer 3

CLINICAL SIGNS & PATHOLOGY

• Acute disease
• Fever (>40°C)
• anorexia, cough, labored breathing,
• arthritis, lameness, hypersensitivity, spasms
• Can become chronic ʹ chronic arthritis

Pathology

• Hemorrhages,
• fibrinous serositis (peritonitis, pericarditis, pleuritis),
• arthritis (especially the large joints),
• meningitis,
• fibrinous exudates in the thoracic and abdominal cavity

Question 4

Diagnosis?

Answer 4

DIAGNOSIS

• Epidemiology, clinical signs and pathology
• Detection of the agent ʹ Isolation (from joints), IF, PCR
• Detection of the antibodies ʹ ELISA (not practical ʹ when see acute clinical signs, Ab level is still low)
• Differential diagnosis
• Generalised disease:
• Classical swine fever, African swine fever
• Arthritis ʹ M. hyorhinis, Streptococcosis, pyogenic bacteria
• Central nervous signs ʹ Rabies, Aujeszky-diseases, Teschovirus encephalomyelitis

Question 5

Treatment and prevention?

Answer 5

TREATMENT

• Antibiotics ʹ penicillin, tetracycline, fluoroquinolones, florfenicol
• Individual parenteral treatment
• Herd treatment (due to fast spread of the disease)
• Elimination of predisposing factors

PREVENTION

• Prevention of predisposing effects
• Vaccine ʹ inactivated vaccines, type specific protection
• Pregnant sows and 4-5 week old piglets (at weaning time) ʹ 2 times
• Vaccination of suckling piglets at 2 and 4 weeks of age (if sow is not vaccinated)