124. Diarrhoeal diseases of swine caused by Escherichia coli. Flashcards
What are the two types of diseases of swine caused by Escherichia coli?
- Coli diarrhea of newborn piglets
- Coli diarrhea of weaned piglets
Coli Diarrhea of newborn piglets Occurence, Ethiology and Epidemiology?
COLI DIARRHEA OF NEWBORN PIGLETS
OCCURRENCE, ETIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY
Occurrence
- Worldwide occurrence
- In large scale farms
Ethiology
- Caused by Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), virulence factors: F4, F6, (F5) fimbria, LT, ST toxin
Epidemiology
- More frequent in litters of first farrowing sows (piglets of young sows)
- Predisposing factors:
- age,
- overcrowding,
- cold/wet stable,
- nutritional deficiencies,
- low body weight
- 0-10 days of age
Pathogenesis Clinical signs pathology of Coli Diarrhea of newborn piglets?
PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL SIGNS AND PATHOLOGY
- P.O. infection
- Æ replication in the gut (toxin production)
- Æ diarrhea and dehydration
- Shedding in feces ʹ susceptibility decrease with age (weaker binding to older epithelial cells and decreased susceptibility of epithelial cells to enterotoxins)
- Clinical signs:
- no fever,
- depression,
- diarrhea (yellow feces),
- dehydration
- P.M. lesions ʹ
- stomach filled with clotted milk,
- gut is flaccid,
- liquid accumulation
Diagnosis and dd of Coli diarrhea of newborn piglets?
DIAGNOSIS
- Epidemiology,
- clinical signs and
- post mortem lesions
- Isolation of the agent from gut, mesenterial lymph nodes or organs
- Identification of the virulence factors
- Differential diagnosis ʹ
- necrotic enteritis of suckling piglets (C. perfingens C),
- TGE,
- rotavirus,
- coccidium
Treatment and prevention of coli diarrhea in newborn piglets?
TREATMENT
- P.O. antibiotics,
- the whole litter has to be treated,
- rehydration
Prevention
- Hygiene,
- prevent predisp. factors,
- colostrum,
- mix 1st farrowing and old sows before farrowing,
- all-in-all-out
- Vaccination ʹ inactivated strains with fimbria,
- inactivated LT,
- pregnant sows have to be vaccinated
Coli diarrhea of weaned piglets Occurence ethiology and epidemiology?
COLI DIARRHEA OF WEANED PIGLETS
OCCURRENCE
- Worldwide occurrence
Etiology
- Caused by ETEC strains,
- virulence factors: F4, F18ac fimbria, LT, ST toxins
- o Sometimes VTEC, CNF producing strains
- o F18ac ʹ susceptibility is increasing with age!
Epidemiology
- Predisposing factors:
- weaning ʹ
- changes in feeding regimens (intensive feeding),
- transport, relocation
- o Viruses ʹ rota, corona, circo, calici
Pathologenesis, clinical signs and pathology of coli diarrhea of weaned piglets?
PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL SIGNS AND PATHOLOGY
- The causative agent is present in the gut,
- changes in the gut flora and increased susceptibility to the F18 fimbria
- causes shortening of the microvilli
- Æ overeating (high protein),
- insufficient production of enzymes,
- slow peristaltic movement
- Æ gastroenteritis
- Pathogenesis is like in suckling piglets, but with inflammation (gastroenteritis)
- Clinical signs
- appear in piglets 1 or 2 weeks after weaning
- o Diarrhea (watery, smelly with undigested protein), purplish discoloration of areas of the skin
- o VTEC, CNF producing strains ʹ hemorrhagic feces
- o Decreased weight gain and uneven stock
- Pathology ʹ
- gastritis and enteritis,
- enlargement of mesenterial lymph nodes
Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of Coli diarrhea of weaned piglets?
DIAGNOSIS
- Epidemiology, clinical signs and post mortem lesions
- Bacterium isolation: hemolytic E. coli, F4 or F18 +
TREATMENT AND PREVENTION
- Decrease feed portion,
- increase fiber content,
- antibiotics in the drinking water,
- rehydration
Prevention
- Prev.: decrease stress factor,
- decreased nutrition and
- increased fiber content,
- gradual feed change
- Prebiotics,
- probiotics,
- vaccines ʹ
- limited use and not very effective
