Yr10 Biology - the nervoud system Flashcards
What does the cerebellum do?
Has functions involving coordination, accurate timing and precision. does not initiate movement
what does the cerebral cortex do?
MILC- memory , intelligence, language, conciousness
what does the medulla do?
unconcious behaviour such as vomiting, heart beat, breathing and blood pressure
what does the hypothalamus do?
linking the nervous system to the hormonal system via the pituitary gland. involved with instinctive behaviours and monitors blood temp
which part of the brain has functions involving coordination, accurate timing and precision?
cerebellum
which part of the brain is invovled with memory, intelligence, language and conciousness? (milc)
cerebral cortex
which part of the brain is involved with unconcious behaviors such as heart rate, breathing, blood pressure and vomiting?
medulla
which part of the brain is involved in linking the nervous system to the hormonal system?
the hypothalamus
what are the two sets of muscles in the iris?
circular and radial muscles
ligaments are not muscles, so to describe their movements which words should you use?
tighten/slacken
what parts of the eye are involved in adjusting how near or far you are looking?
the suspensory ligament and ciliary muscle
what is the name of the ligament which is antagonistic to the ciliary muscle?
the suspensory ligament
what is the name of the muscle which is antagonistic to the suspensory ligament?
the ciliary muscle
what is the difference between the responses in the endocrine and nervous system?
endocrine- slower, acts longer (hormones)
nervous system- rapid, precise (electrical impulse)
what is the difference between the action in the endocrine and nervous system?
nervous system- carried to specific locations, eg, muscles
endocrine system- carried in blood to all of the body but only affects the target organ
what is a synapse?
a microscopic gap between neurones
how does the electrical message pass from one neurone to another?
when one impulse reaches the end of the neurone it causes neurotransmitters to be released from vesicles into the synaptic cleft. It diffuses, moving from high conc. to low conc. across the synapse. when they reach the other side, they bind to repectors on the membrane of the second neurone, which causes an impulse to start in the next neurone
what is myopia?
a condition where you can see closeby objects but not faraway objects
what is hyperopia?
a condition where you can see faraway objects but not closeby objects
what causes myopia?
an elongated eyeball or a slightly curved cornea
what causes hyperopia?
the cornea not being curved enough, the eyeball being too short, or loss of elasticity in the lens-it can’t be thick enough to focus (the last is often age related)
how do you correct hyperopia?
with a convex lens
how do you correct myopia?
with a concave lens
what do the ciliary muscle and suspensory ligament do when you want to see objects far away
ciliary muscle relaxes and the suspensory ligament tightens
what do the ciliary muscle and suspensory ligament do when you want to see objects close by
ciliary muscle contracts and the suspensory ligament slackens
what is the difference in muscle tension in the eye when you are looking at near/far objects?
near-increase
far-decrease
what shape is the lens when you are looking at faraway objects?
thinner, flatter shape
what shape is the lens when you are looking at nearby objects?
rounded shape, thicker
