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Science Revision > Chemical Analysis > Flashcards

Chemical Analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

What colour flame does lithium produce?

A

Crimson

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2
Q

A crimson flame means which element?

A

lithium

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3
Q

A lilac flame means which element?

A

potassium

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4
Q

An orangered / brick red flame means which element?

A

calcium

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5
Q

A yellow flame means which element?

A

sodium

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6
Q

A green flame means which element?

A

copper

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7
Q

what colour flame does potassium produce?

A

lilac

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8
Q

what colour flame does copper produce?

A

green

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9
Q

what colour flame does sodium produce?

A

yellow

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10
Q

what colour flame does calcium produce?

A

crimson

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11
Q

which metals give a white precipitate when a hydroxide is added?

A

aluminium, calcium and magnesium

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12
Q

which metal gives a green precipitate when a hydroxide is added?

A

iron 2

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13
Q

which metal gives a blue precipitate when a hydroxide is added?

A

copper 2

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14
Q

which metal gives a brown precipitate when a hydroxide is added?

A

iron 3

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15
Q

what colour precipitate is produced when hydroxide is added to aluminium?

A

white

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16
Q

what colour precipitate is produced when hydroxide is added to copper 2?

A

blue

17
Q

what colour precipitate is produced when hydroxide is added to calcium?

A

white

18
Q

what colour precipitate is produced when hydroxide is added to magnesium?

A

white

19
Q

what colour precipitate is produced when hydroxide is added to iron 2?

A

green

20
Q

what colour precipitate is produced when hydroxide is added to iron 3?

A

brown

21
Q

How do you distinguish between aluminium, calcium and magnesium

A

AlOH precipitate dissolves to form a colourless solution when more NaOH is added
MgOH and CaOH remain unchanged

22
Q

How do you test for a carbonate ion?

A

acid (usually dilute HCl but any works) added to test compound
CO2 bubbles
limewater test

23
Q

how do you test for copper?

A

green flame
blue precipitate when hydroxide added

24
Q

how do you test for calcium?

A

crimson flame
white precipitate when hydroxide added

25
Q

how do you test for aluminium?

A

white precipitate when hydroxide added. when more is added it dissolves to form a colourless solution

26
Q

how do you test for iron 2?

A

green precipitate when hydroxide added

27
Q

how do you test for iron 3?

A

brown precipitate when hydroxide added

28
Q

how do you test for sulfate ions?

A

barium ions react with sulfate ions to form
white precipitate:
add a few drops of dilute HCL
add a few drops of dilute BaCl

29
Q

how do you test for halide ions?

A

add silver nitrate

30
Q

which halide ion produces white ppt when silver is added?

A

chloride

31
Q

which halide ion produces cream ppt when bromide is added?

A

bromide

32
Q

which halide ion produces yellow ppt when silver is added?

A

iodide

33
Q

what colour ppt is produced when silver nitrate is added to bromide?

A

cream

34
Q

what colour ppt is produced when silver nitrate is added to iodide?

A

yellow

35
Q

what colour ppt is produced when silver nitrate is added to chloride?

A

white

36
Q

what are the problems with simple tests?

A

not very sensitive
subjective-> false positives
can’t cope w/ mixtures
not quantitative
slow, one at a time

37
Q

give an example of an instrumental method for chemical analysis

A

flame emission spectroscopy-
uses a prism to split wavelengths from a flame
each element has a unique series of wavelengths

38
Q

what are the advantages of instrumental methods?

A

can do dilute solutions and mixtures
objective; is there or not
v. sensitive
quantitative
can be automated

39
Q

disadvantages of instrumental methods?

A

expensieve, needs calibration, needs training

Science Revision (59 decks)

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