Diffusion, Osmosis and Active Transport Flashcards
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration down a concentration gradient
What is active transport?
The movement of particles from a low concentration to a high concentration against a concentration gradient
What is osmosis?
The net movement of water from a high water concentration to a low water concentration down a concentration gradient across a partially permeable membrane
When does diffusion stop?
At the equilibrum
What will cause diffusion to happen faster?
If there is a …
- greater difference in concentration
- higher temperature
- larger surface area of a membrane for particles
- shorter diffusion distance
When does osmosis stop?
At the equilibrium
What is a hypotonic solution?
More water outside than inside
What is a isotonic solution?
Concentration is equal in and out
What is a hypertonic solution?
Less water outside than inside
Cells that do active transport have…
Lots of mitochondria
The cells that do active transport have mitochondria that…
Carry out aerobic respiration to release energy (in the form of ATP) o carry out active transport
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
How do fish gills carry out active transport?
They pump salt back into the salty sea water
How do thyroid gland cells carry out active transport?
Take in iodine for the production of hormones
How do kidney cells carry out active transport?
Reabsorb sodium ions from urine
