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Science Revision > The Endocrine System and Homeostasis > Flashcards

The Endocrine System and Homeostasis Flashcards

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1
Q

which hormone is produced by the thyroid gland?

A

thyroxine

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2
Q

Which hormone controls metabolic rate?

A

thyroxine

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3
Q

Which hormones are released from the pituitary gland? (6)

A

FSH, LH, Growth Hormone (STH), ADH,TSH,ACTH

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4
Q

What does FSH do?

A

controls sperm/egg development

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5
Q

what does LH do?

A

controls female ovulation

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6
Q

what does STH do?

A

controls growth

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7
Q

what does TSH do?

A

causes the thyroid gland to release thyroxine

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8
Q

what does ACTH do?

A

causes the adrenal gland to release adrenaline

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9
Q

what does ADH stand for and what does it do?

A

anti-diuretic hormone, controls water content of body by kidney

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10
Q

What hormones are produced by the pancreas?

A

Insulin and Glucagon

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11
Q

what is the name of the area in the pancreas which produces hormones?

A

The Islets of Langerhans

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12
Q

What does insulin do?

A

lowers blood glucose levels

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13
Q

What does glucagon do?

A

raises blood glucose levels

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14
Q

which hormones are produced in the ovaries?

A

Oestrogen and Progesterone

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15
Q

What does progesterone do?

A

maintains uterus lining thickness

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16
Q

what does oestrogen do?

A

controls secondary female sexual characteristics

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17
Q

what does testosterone do?

A

controls secondary male sexual characteristics

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18
Q

in which ways does the body increase body temperature?

A

Shivering, vasoconstriction, hairs stand up

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19
Q

how does shivering increase body temperature?

A

skeletal muscles contract rapidly and the person shivers, which releases energy, some of which is released as heat

20
Q

how does vasoconstriction increase body temperature?

A

blood vessels narrow
less blood flows
conserve temp

21
Q

how do hairs standing up increase body temperature?

A

nerve impulses sent to hair erector muscles which contract
raising hairs
trapping layer of insulating air

22
Q

what is body temp?

A

37 degrees celcius

23
Q

which four hormones are produced by the pituitary gland?

A

FSH,LH,Growth Hormone,ADH

24
Q

what does fsh stand for?

A

follicle stimulating hormone

25
Q

what does lh stand for?

A

luteinizing hormone

26
Q

what does thyroxine do?

A

controls metabolic rate

27
Q

where is thyroxine made?

A

thyroid gland

28
Q

where is adrenaline made?

A

adrenal gland

29
Q

what does fsh do?

A

causes the follicles in the ovaries to mature, one faster than others, causes ovaries to release oestrogen

30
Q

which hormones inhibit fsh?

A

oestrogen,progesterone

31
Q

what do follicles contain?

A

ova, immature eggs

32
Q

what does oestrogen do?

A

causes the uterus lining to build up,causes LH to be released

33
Q

why does oestrogen inhibit FSH?

A

so only one egg matures

34
Q

which hormome causes the production of LH?

A

Oestrogen

35
Q

which hormone is made when the pituitary gland detects oestrogen?

A

LH

36
Q

what does LH do?

A

causes follicle to release egg
remains of the follicle produce progesterone

37
Q

how does the egg move alone the fallopian tubes?

A

It’s swept along by cillia

38
Q

what does progesterone do?

A

inhibits LH, keeps uterus lining thick

39
Q

what happens if the egg is fertilised?

A

the egg embeds itself in the uterus lining and the ovaries continue releasing progesterone which triggers the changes necessary for pregnancy

40
Q

what happens if the egg isn’t fertilised?

A

the follicle stops producing progesterone , menstruation starts. the drop in progesterone and oestrogen causes FSH to be released again

41
Q

what do condoms do?

A

provides a barrier to sperm so they are unable to get to the egg

42
Q

what do diaphrams do?

A

acts as a barrier in the vagina to prevent sperm from entering the uterus

43
Q

Which hormones are used in the mixed pill for contraception and why?

A

Progesterone andd oestrogen inhibit fsh production/release, so no mature egg and thicker cervical mucus to block sperm

44
Q

Which hormones is a woman given before ivf?

A

Lh+FSH

45
Q

How long are embryos allowed to develop in ivf?

A

5 days

Science Revision (59 decks)

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